Photo album
Many off-road vehicles have been manufactured and one of the best way to show them is the Photo Album.
Many pictures of this album represent Russian vehicles, as well as those of the former Soviet Union. Many models (wheeled, tracked, screw propelled), very typed off-road, are extremely numerous, highly sought, because of the climate, roads and ground. Often unknown and/or unusual, they are led by the oil industry and quantity of personal achievements.

Pandora robot of Automatika, PA
Pandora robot of Automatika, PA, in the 90s. Automatika is owned by Qinetic. http://www.qinetiq-na.com/products/unmanned-systems/

10x10 proto Object 560U
10x10 proto Objet 560U, late 50s, from Mytinchinskiy Engineering, not far from Moscow.

BAZ 930, 8x8, 1961
BAZ 930, 8x8, 1961 proto, 10 t capacity. No production since 135LM of SKB was series produced. http://denisovets.narod.ru/baz/bazpages/baz930.html

BAZ-135L4
BAZ-135L4 was the civilian version of BAZ 135 this later lasted from 1963 to 1993. Two engines, one per side and no suspension on central wheels, torsion bars on others, tire pressure control. http://en.valka.cz/viewtopic.php/t/63032

BAZ-135MBL, 8x8, 1991
BAZ-135MBL, 8x8, 1991, 12 t capacity, could tow a trailer of 12 t.. http://denisovets.narod.ru/baz/bazpages/baz135mbk.html

Tracked vehicle in Meccano/Erector
Tracked vehicle model built with Meccano (or Erector). The 4 tracks each surrounds a Tri-Star wheel. J M M at Paris, April 2003.

BAZ-6944, 8x8, amphibious
BAZ-6944, 8x8, amphibious of the 80s, torsion bar suspension, hydro-mechanical transmission.

BAZ-135L4, 8x8, 1964-65
BAZ-135L4, 8x8, 1964-65, which led to series production of 135LM. http://denisovets.narod.ru/baz/bazpages/baz135l4.html

BAZ-69099, 12x12
BAZ-69099, 12x12, late 2000s, capacity 36 t, 50 km/h. Used among others by petroleum industry. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/BZKT/BZKT%20txt.html

BAZ-69502 and BAZ-6954, 8x8, 1990
BAZ-69502 and BAZ-6954, 8x8, 1990, 17 t capacity, enhanced suspension and large metal cabs. http://tortuga.angarsk.su/fb2/kochne05/Sekretnyie_avtomobili_Sovetskoy_Armii.fb2_24.html

BAZ-69481M 10 × 8 amphibious
BAZ-69481M 10 × 8 amphibious, 1987. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/BZKT/BZKT%20txt.html

KZKT-Rusich 8014, 10x10
KZKT-Rusich 8014, 10x8, 40 t capacity, speed 60 km/h, 475 hp Cummings engine (or TMZ), fording depth 1,1 m, total mass 66 t, designed for petroleum industries. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/KZKT/KZKT%20txt.html

KZKT-80051 of Rusich
KZKT-80051 8x8, 24 t capacity, of OJSC Rusich, at Kurgan. In 1964, Kurgan Plant KZKT manufactured also MAZ vehicles of Minsk and became Rusich in 1990. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/KZKT/KZKT%20txt.html

ZIL-135LN, 8x8
ZIL-135LN, 8x8 in 1965 and 1971. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil135ln.html

ZIL-135P or VMS-135 II 8x8 Amphibious,
ZIL-135P, 8x8 Amphibious, 1965. Speed on sea 14 km/h, on land 65 km/h, a record for this type of machine, 2 engines and 2-keeled propellers, total mass 20 t. No production because PSE-1, more classic has been chosen. www.denisovets.narod.ru

ZIS E134 or VMS-E134 N° 2, 8x8, 1956 2
ZIS E134 N° 2, 8x8, 1956. It was amphibious with hydrojet and had no suspension but adjustable pressure tire. Mass 7,8 t, 130 hp, speed 60 km/h. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zile134_2.html

ZIS-E134 N° 1, 8x8, 1954
ZIS-E134 N° 1, 8x8, 1954. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zile134.html

ZIL 135, 8x8, Amphibious, 1958
ZIL 135, 8x8, amphibious proto, 1958, then ZIL 135B, 1959, 2 proto built. Two engines, flat bottom, ground clearance 500 mm, hydrodynamic transmission with creeper without discontinuity. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil135b.html

ZIL 134, 8x8, 1957
ZIL 134, 8x8, 1957, 240 hp, hydromechanical transmission, long travel torsion bar suspension, power steering. Financial problems dropped the project. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil134.html

ZIL135L, 8x8, 1960
ZIL135L, 8x8, 1960, had torsion bars suspensions and steering on extreme axles and 2 middle axles were not suspended. Speed 72 km/h on road. Series manufactured from 1963 to 1994 at Briansk Automobile Plant under the name ZIL-135LM.
ZIS-E134 N°1, 8x8, 1954
ZIS-E134 N°1, 8x8, 1954. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zile134.html

ZIL-135LN 2, 8x8
ZIL-135LN, 8x8, based on ZIL-135K, early 60s. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil135ln.html

Meccano Terrastar at a Toys Show in Paris, 1998
Meccano Terrastar. J M M at a Toys Show at Porte de Versailles, Paris, 1998

Varlet Tank, Delaye, 1937
Varlet Tank, Delaye, 1937. From book of Daniel Tard : 'Hotchkiss, petit dictionnaire du "juste milieu", Massin, 1994.

Oval wheels like on a Meccano Vehicle
Oval wheels like on a Meccano Vehicle. J M M a Toys Show at Paris, April 1998. See Chap 'The Wheel Reinvented'.

Locomotion like walking dragline in Meccano
Locomotion like walking dragline in Meccano (or Erector). J M M at a Toys Show at Paris, April 1998.

Delta Beetle Toyota 1991
Delta Beetle Toyota, golden medal of Toyota competition 1991. With its triangular wheels and its tracks, it could go upstairs. Pict from 'Le Livre des Invention' from Valérie-Anne Giscard d'Estaing, Fixot 1993.

Aeroluge, 1942
Aeroluge Tatra Type V 855 unique prototype, 1942. 75 hp engine, consumption 13l/100, speed 80 km/h. Issued from Tatra T97 of 1936. J M M at Rétromobile, Paris, 1999.

Sifor Harvester 2
Sifor Harvester 6x6 is equipped with active roll control and actuators to move the suspension arms. J M M at Forexpo, Bordeaux, 2002.

Sifor Harvester
Sifor Harvester 6x6, built at St Priest de Gimel, France. J M M at Forexpo, Bordeaux in June 2002. They built also 6x6 and 8x8 harvesters, forwarders and harvester heads.

Locomotion like walking dragline in Meccano 2
Locomotion like walking dragline in Meccano (or Erector). J M M at a Toys Show, Paris, April 1998.

Tracked Drilling P45, Loglogic Tracked Drilling P45, Loglogic 2
Tracked Drilling P45, Loglogic Tracked Drilling P45. http://www.loglogic.co.uk/trackdrillingP45.php
Dumpers 6x6 articulated
Dumpers 6x6 articulated : Terex, Furykawa, Ammann, Volvo. J M M at Intermat, Villepinte in May 1991.

Tracked Drilling P45, Loglogic trackeddrilling loglogic
Tracked Drilling P45, Loglogic Tracked Drilling P45. http://www.loglogic.co.uk/trackdrillingP45.php

XM376 and XM377, 1957
XM376 and XM377, 1957. http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2010/03/11/march-military-campaign-another-double-ended-tank-transporter/

Elastic frame 6x6
Elastic frame 6x6 whose M G Bekker was the bard in the 60-70s. He worked on lunar car at General Motors at Santa Barbara.

16x16 MZKT Truck
16x16 MZKT 79221 Truck from Volat, Minsk, Belarus, at the end of the 90s converted for civil use.

ASTRA 8x8 Truck
ASTRA, Amonina Sarda Trasporti ans SpA, 8x8 Truck. Astra is part of Iveco since 1986, part of Fiat Group. Astra, Piacenza, Italia, manufacture dump trucks, heavy transport. Picture from Le Bourget, June 2000.

Büssing-NAG ZRW 10x10 2
Büssing-NAG ZRW 10x10 amphibious prototype developed during 1927-28 in Germany

Morris Commercial Terrapin Mk 1, 8x8, Amphibious, 1943
Morris Commercial Terrapin Mk 1, 8x8, Amphibious, 1943, from Gb to complete DUKW 6x6.

Tyumen BT361
Tyumen BT361. http://www.kremz.ru/history.html and http://crazys.info/1290016757-nastoyashhievnedorozhnikich4foremosthuskyi.html

Lopasnya XL Artictrans Association
Lopasnya XL of Arctictrans Association, Moscow and Spetstech, region of Nizhny-Novgorod

Lopasnya M 4x4 Arctictrans
Lopasnya M 4x4 of Arctictrans, Moscow, 80 ch, 1600 kg empty, 800 kg payload, 80 km/h., made in Yakoutia. www.arctictras.ru

Lada with low pressure tyres and Avtoros wheels
Lada 4x4 AYV Marsh with low pressure tyres and Avtoros wheels, Nekrasov, Tver district.

Lockheed 8x8 Dragon Wagon.
Lockheed 8x8 Dragon Wagon. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/Lockheed/Lockheed%20txt.html

KRAZ-6316, 8x8, 1989
KRAZ-6316, 8x8, 1989, from Krementchug, Poltava District. http://cartruckbus.narod.ru/foto_ryazan-kraz.htm

KRAZ-CHR-3120,8x8
KRAZ-CHR-3120, 8x8, 1982. http://www.cardesign.ru/forum/diskussii/obschenie/1857/page383/

Keable dumper KK 50
Keable dumper KK 50. http://forum.index.hu/Article/showArticle?go=70415512&t=9020005

Giger Lopasnya Arctictrans
Giger Lopasnya Arctictrans, 1 T total mass, 30 HP, 50 km/h.www.arctictrans.ru

Inova's XVIB for Arctic acquisition
Inova's XVIB for Arctic acquisition. Seismic vibrator on four additional tracks, of Inova, Stafford, Texas. http://www.inovageo.com/xvib.html

AMF Sure Trek
AMF Sure Trek, around 1970, patented by Gordon Fisher, who built also in the 60s the Canadair Fisher with Airoll system. http://www.6x6world.com/gallery/other-amphibious-atvs/p16965-amf-sur-trek.html and http://www.joesgarage.us/amf_sur_trek.htm

16x16 wheeled reed rotovator used for cutting reeds in wetlands
16x16 wheeled reed rotovator used for cutting reeds in wetlands

GAZ 34039K Irbis
GAZ 34039K Irbis., 5,5 T empty, 1.3 T payload, 136 HP, 65 km/h, Nizhny Novgorod Plant, www.zgt.ru and www.gazgroup.ru ; http://2943.ru.all.biz/goods_transporter-gaz-34039k-irbis_42137

GAZ 3409 Beaver
GAZ 3409 Beaver. http://bemil.chosun.com/nbrd/bbs/view.html?b_bbs_id=10044&pn=0&num=103029

Experimental chassis T-103, 12x12, 1966
Experimental chassis T-103, first 12x12, 1966, designed by Scientific Test Research Institute, Bronnitsy (21 N-III, 1954), Russia. Payload 22 t, 300 hp diesel UTD-20, speed 70 km/h. http://profismart.ru/web/bookreader-116616-44.php

Cook T20 8x8, 1945
Cook T20 8x8, 1945. Wagon steer type. See article in 'Wheels and Tracks' N° 2, about 1982.

Clark-Michigan XM-520 Goer 4x4 1959
Clark-Michigan articulated XM-520 Goer 4x4, 1959. Caterpillar Goer was chosen. http://www.jedsite.info/transport-golf/golf/goer_series/xm520/xm520.html. Pict from the review 'Classic Military Vehicle', May 2006.

Chrysler XM410E1, 8x8, 1960
Chrysler XM410E1, 8x8, 1960. http://www.jedsite.info/transport-xray/xray/xm410_series/xm410e1/xm410e1-intro.html

Chrysler T53, 4x4, 1952
Chrysler T53, 4x4, 1952. http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2009/03/05/march-military-campaign-coupla-conceptual-chrysler-cabovers/

Chetra V30. http://www.tplants.com/en/production/photo/47/
Chetra V30, modernized version of TTM 120 manufactured by Kurganmashzavod JSC. http://kurganmashzavod.3dn.ru/index/gusenichnyj_vezdekhod_tm_120_tm_130_tm_1_chetra_v30/0-9 and http://www.rcforum.ru/showthread.php?t=1397&page=13

6x6 Artictrans Legkostup, Omsk
6x6 Artictrans Legkostup, Omsk, payload 3 t. http://omsk.oms.slando.ru/obyavlenie/snegobolotohod-laptezhnik-ID20FZd.html

Chrysler T23, 4x4, 1946
Chrysler T23, 4x4, 1946. http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2009/03/05/march-military-campaign-coupla-conceptual-chrysler-cabovers/

TM 120 of Kurgan plant
TM 120 of Kurgan plant, 250 HP, 2 T payload , 50 km/h. Manufactured by Kurganmashzavod JSC. http://kurganmashzavod.3dn.ru/index/gusenichnyj_vezdekhod_tm_120_tm_130_tm_1_chetra_v30/0-9

BAZ-6950, 8x8, 1976
BAZ-6950, 8x8, 1976. http://megaobzor.com/fotografii-baz-6950-osnova-1-seriya-sovremennaya-voennaya-tehnika.html

BAZ-930, 8x8, tractor truck, 1961
BAZ-930, 8x8, tractor truck, 1961. http://alternathistory.org.ua/avtomobili-dlya-bezdorozhya-universalnyi-vezdekhodnyi-avtomobil

Based on GAZ 66 articulated low-ground pressure truck
Based on GAZ 66 articulated low-ground pressure truck. http://www.autoreview.ru/sv_glaz/num019/mamont.htm

ATV of Syktyvkar and Tokmakov
ATV of Syktyvkar and Tokmakov, built in 2008-2009 near Moscow. Mass 470 kg, high ground clearance, speed 45 km/h, consumption on road 35 l/100 km. http://www.samodelkin.komi.ru/traktor/vezdehod.html

ATV Taïga 6x6
ATV Taïga 6x6 Amphibious Vehicle from 1997 at Irbitsky, 1,2 T, 0,5 T payload, 40 km/h, 32 hp.

Athey AT-15
Athey AT-15 articulated truck of the 50s. Athey was known for its tracked trailers during WWII. http://forum.index.hu/Article/showArticle?go=70415512&t=9020005

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_Tractor_Trailers.aspx

Amphibian 6x6 Gusev
Amphibian 6x6 of Anatoly Gusev, independent 250 mm travel suspensions, 40 km/h, 76 HP, 10 persons + luggage, 450 mm ground clearance //automarket.su/show/pubs/bms-2010/1263219970

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_6X6_Challenger.aspx

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_6X6_Challenger.aspx

Willy's Wagon 8x8
Willy's Wagon 8x8 built on M 151. All independent Suspensions. XM 384 prototype was the 8x8 version of the MUTT in 1956 which has been change as an amphibious vehicle in 1958-59. http://www.oldwillysforum.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=26&t=3398

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_6X6_Challenger.aspx

Rolligon Super Brute 8x8
Rolligon Super Brute 8x8. http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Body_Load_Units/Rolligon_8X8_Model_Brute.aspx

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_6X6_Challenger.aspx

Rolligon Challenger 6x6
Rolligon Challenger 6x6 http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_6X6_Challenger.aspx

Rolligon Super Brute 8x8
Rolligon Super Brute 8x8. http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Body_Load_Units/Rolligon_8X8_Model_Brute.aspx

Rolligon Roughneck 4x4
Rolligon Roughneck 4x4. http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_4X4_RA-15.aspx

Virginia Tech IMPASS robot at the VT campus, Wheg robot
Virginia Tech IMPASS robot at the VT campus, Wheg robot, 2008. http://www.engadget.com/2008/10/15/video-virginia-techs-impass-robot-has-spokes-but-no-rims/

Rolligon Brute 8x8
Rolligon Brute 8x8. http://www.nov.com/ProductFamily.aspx?ID=9579&taxID=3365&langtype=1033&page=3

Rolligon 4460 4x4
Rolligon 4460 4x4. http://www.nov.com/Brands/Rolligon/Rolligon_4x4_Model_4460.aspx

Rolligon Brute 8x8
Rolligon Brute 8x8. Rolligon Brute 8x8. http://www.nov.com/ProductFamily.aspx?ID=9579&taxID=3365&langtype=1033&page=3

SKU OKA 4x4
SKU OKA 4x4, built in 2006 at Nenoksa. http://www.autoreview.ru/archive/2006/10/vezdehod/

ZIL-137 10x10 articulated truck 1971
ZIL-137 10x10 articulated truck 1971 with hydraulically driven semi-trailer. http://fictionbook.ru/author/evgeniyi_kochnev/sekretnyie_avtomobili_sovetskoyi_armii/read_online.html?page=4

JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401
JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401, 40 T payload, 45 T empty, 15 km/h, 420 hp for petroleum industries. http://unique-autos.ru/blog/prototypes/68.html and http://www.cardesign.ru/forum/diskussii/obschenie/1857/page100/#forum_post_119067

ZIL-5901 PSE-2, 1970
ZIL-5901 PSE-2, 1970, issued from PSE-1. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil5901.html

ZVM 2410 Uhtysh
ZVM 2410 Uhtysh, derived from UAZ, mass 3200-2700 kg, 60 km/h, JSC ZVM, Nizhny-Novgorod, was founded in 2004 and associated to the Nyzhny-Novgorod (Gorki) State Technical University. http://www.zvm-nn.ru/info/uhtish/

ZVM 2411 Uzola
ZVM 2411 Uzola, mass 3500-2700 kg, 60 km/h, 110-150 hp. This vehicle is issued from the research at Nizhni-Novgorod University. http://www.snow-mobiles.eu/uzola.html and http://www.zvm-nn.ru/

ZVM 3900 serie Seaver
ZVM 3900 series Seaver. This series were based on used GAZ 66, Gaz 3308, payload 2 to 3,4 T, 55 km/h. Builders were associated to Nizhny Novgorod University. zvm-nn.ru or zgt.ru

Mammoth M Arktiktrans
Mammoth M Arctictrans, 5,5 T empty, 1500 kg payload, 75 km/h, Mammoth M has rigid chassis. www.arctictrans.ru

Scarab rover of NASA
Scarab rover of NASA. It's a self-leveling rover able keeping horizontal on slopes for drilling. http://www.astroday.net/MKrovers.html.

Drawing of offroad vehicle
Drawing of off-road vehicle by Cutangus. Wheels are spring suspended. www.flickr.com

Cutangus tracked offroad vehicle
Cutangus tracked offroad vehicle. On this drawing, tracks looks like legs to allow crossing obstacles.

Bombardier Muskeg
Bombardier Muskeg in the 50s. The lower model is the articulated MM. Bombardier brochure.

Worm like robot
Worm like robot, new kind of locomotion at Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio. http://biorobots.cwru.edu/projects/softworm/

Drawing of 8x8 vehicle
Drawing of 8x8 vehicle by Cutangus which specializes in off-road vehicles. http://www.flickr.com/photos/cutangus/page1/

Tristar of Mechanical Stair-Climbing Transporter
Tristar of Mechanical Stair-Climbing Transporter was a Senior Project in 1998 at Polytechnic University, NY. http://mechanical.poly.edu/academics/senior/sen98/transporter/transporter.htm

ATV
ATV, achievement of individuals on big low ground pressure are very numerous in Russia. Yuri Gusev prototype, 4x4 of 700 kg. They employ series parts. www.ineauto.ru .

ZVM-3401 Unzha
Unzha articulated tracked vehicle, 6,2 T payload 1,5 T, 40 km/h from JSC ZVM that was associated with State University of Nizhny Novgorod. http://www.zvm-nn.ru/info/ungafoto/

Wheeled off-road vehicles from Russia
Wheeled off-road vehicles. 6x6 (and 4x4 or tracked) low ground pressure home made vehicles in Russia are very numerous in a country where off-road transports are a necessity.

UAZ 492, experimental vehicle
UAZ 492, experimental vehicle of Oulianovk Automobile Factory, in 1967-1968. It had 4 steered tracks but a rigid chassis. http://www.uazbuka.ru/models_tracked_uaz.html

UAZ 492, experimental vehicle
UAZ 492 experimental vehicle. http://www.uazbuka.ru/models_tracked_uaz.html

Polaris 6x6 with Tatoo tracks
Polaris 6x6 with Tatoo tracks from Camoplast, for snow only. http://traxxas.com/forums/showthread.php?538028-Project-long-term

TTM 3902 with elastic widener
TTM 3902 with elastic widener of Joint-Stock Company 'Transport', Nizhny Novgorod, since 1989. Wideners make environmental friendly vehicles. http://www.nzttm.ru/eng-company.htm and http://nzttm.ip-center.ru/media/

Tracked Carrier Vityaz DT 10
Tracked Carrier Vityaz DT 10, built by JSC Machine Building Company, Ishimbai. http://www.bolotohod.ru/en/emain/

Ripsaw EV-1
Ripsaw EV-1 by Howe and Howe Technologies Inc., Maine, Defense contracting firm, built several tracked robotics, the Mini Rip and even a tracked wheelchair. http://www.howeandhowetechnologies.com/vehicles.php

Mertz Seismic Vehicle M18-612
Mertz Seismic Vehicle M18-612 Universal Vibrator of Mertz Inc, subsidiary of Sercel (CGG), Nantes. http://lockhartgeo.com/equipment.html ; http://www.sercel.com/Products/sources/nomad_vibrators.php

Mecanum wheel of Segway RMP
Mecanum wheel of Segway RMP. Mecanum wheel is omnidirectional but not really off-road. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecanum_wheel and http://rmp.segway.com/rmp-400-omni/

Lopasnya XL of Arktiktrans
Lopasnya 6x6 (or 4x4) from Arktiktrans, Agriculture Secretary, Moscow, since 1989. Payload 500-600 kg, empty mass 800-1000 kg, Speed 45 km/h.

Land Tamer II
Land Tamer II LT 6x6 XHD (Extra Heavy Duty) Amphibious vehicle seen on eBay in 2008. http://www.landtamer.com/

Foremost Tracked Bus for Tour
Foremost Tracked Bus for Ice field Tour near Jasper, Alberta.The bus is issued from Chieftain C, Foremost, Calgary, Alberta. http://www.kevinsbusrail.com/brewster-other.html

Inova Vibrator X-Vib
Inova Vibrator X-Vib with tracks for warm or cold countries. INOVA, Houston, TX, search oil in the world. They have also AHV-IV series vibrators. http://www.inovageo.com/xvib.html

ATV Snipe
ATV Snipe, 6x6 with suspensions. 1 t, 80 km/h, 85 hp, payload 1.5 t built by Kopytov Alexander. First prototype was built in 1998. http://www.vezdehod6x6.ru/index.html

Wanderer 8x8
Wanderer 8x8 of Nord-Auto Company, Yaroslavl District, 72 hp, payload 600 kg, speed 50 km/h, ground pressure 0.2-0.5 kg/cm². Fitted with walking beam and wheels driven by rollers. http://4x4.host38.ru/mir-dzhipov/samodelki/35-вездеход-странник

Ural 8x8 special product
Ural 8x8 issued from Ural 4320-1912-41, special product for oil industry. Built on demand by MZSA Ltd, Miass, Chelyabinsk District. Total Mass 28650 kg, Payload 18.000 kg, 300 hp engine. http://www.automzsa.ru/autofurgons.php?id=68

Foremost Delta 3 6X6
Foremost Delta 3 6X6 in the 80s, from Foremost Industries LP, Calgary, Alberta.

Street & Mud Articulated Proto 6x6
Street & Mud 6x6 articulated proto of trial , Switzerland, built in 1986 with chain transmission, 6 independent suspended wheels. A central spring systems helps the central axle to be less loaded. http://www.oto6.fr/6roues/6rouesstreet.htm

Bendix SLRV Robot
Bendix SLRV Robot. http://libraryphoto.cr.usgs.gov/cgi-bin/show_picture.cgi?ID=ID.%20Project%20Apollo%20%281960-1973%29%20009

Foremost Chieftain C
Foremost Chieftain C from Foremost Industries, Calgary, Alberta. http://www.foremost.ca/index_chieftain.php

Grumann LRV 1965
Grumann LRV 1965. http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_US/apollo/vaisseaux/lunar_rover/LRV.htm

Grumman Lunar Roving Vehicle in 1965
Grumman Lunar Roving Vehicle in 1965. http://spacecollective.org/eric/2101/Spaceships-Proposed-Lunar-Vehicles

Mammoth VTT
Mammoth VTT, 4x4 articulated vehicle first appeared in 2003. Now, Arktiktrans, Moscow, associated to the Agricultural Department, manufactures it. Payload 2,5 T, empty mass : 5.5 t, 107 hp engine. Arktiktrans makes also Lopasnya. www.arctictrans.ru

North King of Nodwell.
Second prototype of North King of Bruce Nodwell in early 50. http://www.northerntracks.com/history/bruce-nodwell-an-inventor-with-drive.html

Soucy-Tracks on agricultural tractor
Soucy-Tracks on agricultural tractor. Soucy International Inc., Drummondville, Québec. http://www.soucy-track.com/en-CA/home

Track kit Go-Storm for peat or ice
Track kit Go-Storm for peat or ice. http://www.go-storm.com/produit%20surfacage.htm

Tucker Sno-cat 843
Tucker Sno-cat 843 from 1965 for Arctic Expedition. http://www.oocities.org/danmerrick/antx/index.html

KRAZ 7E6316 Siberia 8x8 tested in 1988
KRAZ 7E6316 Siberia 8x8 tested in 1988-89, 15 T CU, independant suspension, multi-fuel engine. http://denisovets.narod.ru/kraz/krazpages/kraz6316.html

ZIL132 with Hoop Tyres
ZIL132 6x6 with Hoop Tyres dates from 1961. It could run in 80 cm of fresh snow. It had overload problem of transmission and proto burnt. No suspension. Speed 50 km/h. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil132.html

Young Mammouth from Association Arktiktrans
Young Mammouth articulated amphibian was made in small series by Arktiktrans Association. Empty mass : 4.3 T, payload : 2 T, engine Mercedes 72 ch, Gaz-66 cab, speed 55km/h and 5 km/h on water. http://www.autoreview.ru/sv_glaz/num019/mamont.htm

ZIL 135P or VMS-135 II amphibious
VMS-135 II 8x8 amphibious vehicle of 1965 designed by V. Gratchev. Mass 20t payload 6 t, two 180 engines, 62 km/h, on water 16 km/h, length 13,8 m. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil135p.html

ZIl 4904 Screw Amphibious, 1972
ZIl 4904 Screw Amphibious, 1972. http://alternathistory.org.ua/avtomobili-dlya-bezdorozhya-shnekovyi-snegobolotokhod-peu-3

Vetlouga Transmash
Vetlouga of Transmach Ltd. Exists different models from 2.9 to 3.15 T, empty. See also LLC Spetsteh Company. http://www.zgt.ru/

Uzhgur TTC-3404 GP1 Transmash
Uzhgur TTC-3404 GP1 from Transmash, Nijni-Novgorod. Total mass : 7500 kg. http://www.transmashnn.ru/uzhgur.html and http://www.transmashnn.ru/uzhgur/foto.html

Ural 380 S tractor with Ural-862 semi trailer, 10x10, 1963
Ural 380 S tractor with Ural-862 semi-trailer, 10x10, 1963. It is not a true articulated vehicle. http://fictionbook.ru/author/evgeniyi_kochnev/sekretnyie_avtomobili_sovetskoyi_armii/read_online.html?page=4

Universal Chassis Kurgan
Universal Chassis of Kurgan plant, unrivaled in its category for a variety of application particularly in forests industries. http://kurganmashzavod.ru/universalnoe-gusenichnoe-shassi

Unipower 8x8
Unipower 8x8. See Chap 8x8 Rigid Vehicles, Heavy. http://photostp.free.fr/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=6&t=7475, http://www.commercialmotor.com/big-lorry-blog/ale-heavylifts-unipower-heavy-,

Uneks ATV Arctictrans
Uneks ATV Arctictrans, 36 km/h, 1 T total mass, 22 km/h, 3 km/h in water, www.arctictrans.ru

TTM-4901 of JSC Transport
TTM-4901 of JSC Transport. http://www.nzttm.ru/english.htm and http://www.avtovyshki-spb.ru/komb-vysota-podema-23-28m/356-avtovyshka-zed26-na-snegobolotoxode-ttm-4901.html

TTM-3902 from JSC Transport
TTM-3902 from JSC Transport. http://www.nzttm.ru/eng-company.htm and http://nzttm.ip-center.ru/media/nd

TTM-2903 (4x4) NITRA Wheelded Rover
TTM-2903 (4x4) NITRA Wheeled Rover, 93 HP, 70 km/h. www.nzttm.ru

TTM-6901 Amphibious JSC Transport
TTM-6901 Amphibious JSC Transport. http://www.nzttm.ru/eng-company.htm and http://nzttm.ip-center.ru/media/

T21-15 8x8 prototype truck, 1962
T21-15 8x8 prototype truck, 1962 from Scientific Test Research Institute, Bronnitsy, Russia (21 N-III, 1954), This Institute tested also MAZ trucks with gas turbine and electro-hydraulic steering in the 70s.

Terra-Gator 135 dumper
Terra-Gator 135 dumper. Terra Gator 135 on tracks from the Specialist Ag-Chem, division of Agco, Minnesota, since 2001. At the beginning, they manufactured three wheeled spreaders. http://www.tractorfan.fr/picture/209084/

Tesh pneumatic screw vehicle
Tesh pneumatic screw vehicle. http://www.aerodriving.ru/shnekohod and http://www.diseno-art.com/articles/tesh-drive_amphibious_off-road_drive_system.html

TTM-3102 of Joint-Stock Company 'Transport'
TTM-3102 of Joint-Stock Company 'Transport', Nizhny Novgorod, since 1989. http://www.nzttm.ru/eng-company.htm and http://nzttm.ip-center.ru/media/

Pelec Amphibian from Ltd Kit Car
Pelec Amphibian from Ltd Kit Car, Vologda District, Cherepovets. For 2 persons hunting, fishing and collecting berries. 12 HP, 15 km/h, mass 320 kg http://www.pelec.ru/gallery/

Metelitsa two in one vehicle
Metelitsa two in one tracked or wheeled vehicle from Chelyiabinsk District. http://bananet.ru/node/1029

Metelitsa two in one vehicle
Metelitsa two in one vehicle with the help of a tracked undercarriage. http://coolidea.ru/2010/03/01/metelica/

Mammoth Arctictrans
Mammoth Arctictrans articulated vehicle with componants of GAZ 66. ground pressure 0.2 kg/cm2, leaf springs suspension, 5.3 T empty, 2 t payload, 107 hp, 55 km/h, It could move in 80 cm of fresh snow. http://arctictrans.ru/vezde/mam

Mamuth M Arctictrans
Mamuth M Arctictrans has rigid chassis, here with trailer. http://arctictrans.ru/vezde/mam/pricep

LUAZ 1901, 6x6
LUAZ 1901 prototype, 6x6, 1983. http://denisovets.narod.ru/luaz/luazpages/luaz1901.html

NAMI 058, 8x8, 1958
NAMI 058, 8x8, 1958. See chap '8x8 Rigid Vehicles, Heavy'. http://statehistory.ru/books/Evgeniy-Kochnev_Sekretnye-avtomobili-Sovetskoy-Armii/66

Nami 0103
Nami prototype 0103 with rubber tracks. http://www.nami.ru/about/subdivisions/cars/special/development/

Nami 0106 with pneumatic tracks
Nami 0106 articulated prototype with pneumatic tracks in 1962-1972 for smooth riding. See chap. : 'Pneumatic Tracks'

NAMI 0127, 8x8, 1968
NAMI 0127, 8x8, 1968. http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/alexpzkpfw6/view/390195/?page=5

NAMI-058S-862, 12x12, 1966
NAMI-058S-862, 12x12, 1966. http://www.techstory.ru/fin/nami_058s_862.htm

NAMI-0114
NAMI-0114 prototype of 1968 for 20 t payload. Pict from book of Alain Dupouy, Auto-éditeur : 'Les véhicules tout-terrain N° 13 Tome III'. 1995.

Tyumen BT361A-01
Tyumen BT361A-01. http://crazys.info/1290016757-nastoyashhievnedorozhnikich4foremosthuskyi.html and http://www.cardesign.ru/forum/diskussii/obschenie/1857/page227/

CJSC St Peterburg tractor Plant K700A
CJSC St Petersburg tractor Plant K700A, 230 or 300 HP, 30 km/h, 400.000 were built. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirovets_K-700

Gastroymashina VTT ZAO EOV-4221 excavator from Tver plant
Gastroymashina VTT ZAO EOV-4221 excavator from Tver plant. http://antal.spb.ru/universalmash/eov-4221.php

JSC Zarod Universalmash SVS-24-150 vibrator
JSC Zarod Universalmash SVS-24-150 vibrator. http://www.universalmashinfo.ru/products/

JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401
JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401 of JSC Zarod Universalmash, subsidiary of JSC Kirov Plant, 40 T payload, 45 T empty, 15 km/h, 420hp for petroleum industries. http://unique-autos.ru/blog/prototypes/68.html

JSC Zavod Universalmash GCS-101 articulated 8x8
JSC Zavod Universalmash GCS-101 articulated 8x8, 10 T payload, 13 T empty, 172 hp, 38 km/h. http://www.universalmashinfo.ru/products/

JSC Zavod Universalmash SGK-80R
JSC Zavod Universalmash SGK-80R, 80 T payload, mass 65 T empty, 560 kw, 30 km/h, telescopic boom, for railways construction or rebuilt. www.unique-autos.ru or www.universalmash.ru

Lada on tracks, homemade
Lada on tracks, homemade. The design of the tracks is good. Ground clearance is high.

LeTourneau Train
LeTourneau Train, 1958. This train is a RC model. https://www.gettyimages.fr/detail/photo-d'actualit%C3%A9/an-engineer-with-an-operating-model-of-a-52-wheel-photo-dactualit%C3%A9/110122447#/an-engineer-with-an-operating-model-of-a-52-wheel-450-foot-l

Mobile Power AEP-102 of Universalmash
Mobile Power AEP-102 of Universalmash 250 HP, Hydromechanics transmission, 49 km/h on wheels, 15 km/h on removable rubber tracks. www.universalmashinfo.ru and http:and/www.antal.spb.ru/universalmash/shkg-101.php

Skidder TDT-55A http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ТДТ-55_(трактор)
Skidder TDT-55A on tracks from JSC OTZ, 95 HP, now Machinery & Industrial Group N.V. http://www.tplants.com/en/production/photo/47/ and http://www.r-les.ru/spravochnaja-informacija/kharakteristiki-tdt_55a.html

Universalmash Mobile power AEP-101
Universalmash Mobile power AEP-101 on SHSG vehicle, 250 hp, 12 T payload, 20 km/h, fording depth 1.05 m, hydromechanics transmission, 180l/100km consumption, www.universalinfo.ru and http://51931.ru.all.biz/en/goods_welding-machines_904213

JSC Zarod Universalmash TBC-301
JSC Zarod Universalmash TBC-301. http://unique-autos.ru/blog/prototypes/68.html

JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401
JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401, 40 T payload, 45 T empty, 15 km/h, 420 hp for petroleum industries. www.unique-autos.ru and http://antal.spb.ru/universalmash/shsg-401.php

JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401
JSC Zarod Universalmash SHSG-401. http://unique-autos.ru/blog/prototypes/68.html

TC-K at Expo in Oural 2010
TC-K four tracks based on Ural 3920 at Expo in Oural in July 2010. Mass is lowered of 40 % and price of 25%, simple and reliable. Pressure on ground 0,22 kg/cm2. http://www.ezsm66.ru/photo/Beskapotnyie-TS.html

8x8 Sinotruck
8x8 Sinotruck, Steyr type from Shandong, China. http://www.alibaba.com/showroom/8x8-sinotruck.html

10x10 Sinotruck, Huanghe model
10 x10 Sinotruck, Huanghe model of special off-road truck from Shandong, China. 20 T payload, 550 hp, www.truckeden.en.alibaba.com

10x10 Sinotrucks
10x10 Sinotruck, Zhejiang, China. http://sinoman.en.alibaba.com/product/516665119-0/10X10_Cargo_Truck.html

12x12 GW2900 Super heavy duty truck
12x12 Super heavy duty truck WKK GW2900, tyre inflation running, for -40 to +50° C. www.tradev.com

12x12 GW2900 Super heavy duty truck
12x12 Super heavy duty truck GW2900, tyre inflation running, for -40 to +50° C. www.tradev.com

Gazstroymashina GTM-051
Gazstroymashina GTM-051 upper and articulated GTM-081 is at lower part of the picture. Gazstrymashina, Tyumen, makes off-road vehicles for 30 years. http://skbgsm.ru/foto

MAZ-MAN Elnya
MAZ-MAN Elnya articulated 6x6 since 2008, 156 hp engine, limited slip differentials, consumption 55 l/100 km, 3t payload for 9 t mass.Low pressure tires for snow or swamps http://truck-auto.info/maz/386-elnya.html.

Howo 10x10 Truck
Howo 10x10 Truck. CNHTC Jinan Jinlitai Machinery of Jinan, Shandong, China. http://sinoman.en.alibaba.com/product/516665119-0/10X10_Cargo_Truck.html

Howo 10x10 Truck
Howo 10x10 Truck. CNHTC Jinan Jinlitai Machinery of Jinan, Shandong, China. This company also manufactures mechanical parts, construction machinery, trucks and oil equipment. www.cnhtc.com.hk

Litvina 6x6 Combi Kung
Litvina 6x6 Combi Kung, 2500 kg empty, 1000 kg payload, 45 km/h, 16l/100 km, 49 HP from LLC Lytvyn, Belarus. http://www.litvina.com/

SHG-151 JSC Zarod Universalmash
SHG-151 JSC Zarod Universalmash. http://www.amphibians.spb.ru/2004_01_40.phtml

TAS5690, 12x12, 42 t
TAS5690, 12x12, 42 t, from China. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/Taian.html

Toroïdal locomotion by inverted torus
Toroïdal locomotion by inverted torus of Dr Valery Shihirin www.elastoneering.com Research on inverted torus seems to be continued since 2008 by Roman Maksymenko of Max-Master, region of Moscow. http://www.max-master.com/

Tracks kit for utility vehicles
Tracks kit for utility vehicles. http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/ptaha1983/view/186345/?page=2

Trecol 4x4 and 6x6
Trecol 4x4 and 6x6 of the region of Moscow, manufactures several models of low pressure tired vehicles. http://www.trecol.ru/

VTT LLC Ecotrans de Petrovich 6x6 et 4x4
Ecotrans (6x6 and 4x4) of Petrovich Company of the Tiumen region.

ATV TTM-2902
ATV TTM-2902 from ONILVM GPI (University of Nizhny-Novgorod) and ZAO Transports for snow and marshes.

DT-30 from Ichimbaï
DT-30 from Ichimbaï. http://my.opera.com/06sapper08/albums/showpic.dml?album=9355902&picture=130406472

DT-3P ''Knight'' from Ishimbaï
DT-3P ''Knight'' fire fighting vehicle from Ishimbaï, Bashkortostan. http://www.bolotohod.ru/en/ecat1/ecat14/

Egor Amphibious Tracked Vehicle
Egor Amphibious Tracked Vehicle. from 2005. http://www.automoto66.ru/bbs/item7681.html

Gastroymashina DTM-081
Gastroymashina DTM-081 articulated tracked vehicle, 100% differential lock on each axle, Hydraulic direction, 41 or 52 HP. www.skbgsm.ru

Gastroymashina EC-270 Kranets ewcavator
Gastroymashina EC-270 Kranets excavator, 1.5 m wide rubber consolidated tracks for swamps, 180 HP, Gastroymashina,Tyumen, http://skbgsm.ru/foto?p=1

Gastroymashina SKB UAZ-469
Gastroymashina SKB UAZ-469 made on request in 2010 from UAZ-469 and GAZ-66 axles, 750 kg payload, 112 HP, SKB (Special Design Bureau) GaztroyMashina, Tyumen.

Gastroymashina SKB-UAP-3909
Gastroymashina SKB-UAP-3909 4x4 vehicle; lower : gear for portal axle, Gastroymashina, Tioumen, www.skbgsm.ru

Kirovets K-701 6x6
Kirovets K-701 6x6 http://www.ls-farmingmods.com/k701-6x6.html and http://www.nedtrac.com/prototypes.htm

Gastroymashina SKB-UAP-3909
Gastroymashina SKB-UAP-3909 4x4 vehicle, Gastroymashina, Tioumen, www.skbgsm.ru

Motex MT-04
Motex MT-04R and lower MT-04, compact tracked amphibious vehicle, tested in Nizhnevartovk swamps, 40 km/h, 6 in water, 85 HP, SKB Motex, Chelyabinsk. http://motex.ru/index.htm

Motex tracked tractor-carrier SBTT4P
Motex tracked tractor-carrier SBTT4P for grooming snow, SBK Motex, Chelyabinsk. www.motex.ru

Nomad 65 of Sercel
Nomad 65 of Sercel. Vibrator for oil research. Sercel, subsidiary of Compagnie Générale de Géophysique, Carquefou, France. http://www.sercel.com/Products/sources/nomad_vibrators.php

OXTrac skidder 36D
OXTrac little skidder 36D from Tremzac, Quebec. http://www.tremzac.com/client/pagealbum.asp?page=53&clef=32&clef2=5, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOh3PLvjKso

Polaris 6x6 with Lite Foot Mattracks tracks
Polaris 6x6 with Lite Foot Mattracks additional 6 tracks instead of 4. http://www.polarisatvforums.com/forums/atv-general-discussion/4084-polaris-6x6-big-boss-tracks.html

ProTrax tracked Compact Utility
ProTrax tracked Compact Utility. http://lunohodov.net/forum/viewtopic.php?p=130443

Viking tracked vehicle
Viking tracked amphibious vehicle of Ltd Dynamics, Cherepovets, 24 to 31 HP, 420 kg empty, 460 kg payload, 50 km/h, http://tinger.ru/ http://ribolov-expert.ucoz.ru/load/filmy_o_rybalke/tekhnika_v_pomoshh_rybolovu/41

All track Service AT-30HD
All track Service AT-30HD. http://www.all-track.ca/tracked-vehicles/overview/model-at-30hd.html

All track Service AT-150HD
All track Service AT-150HD from Calgary, Alberta. http://www.all-track.ca/tracked-vehicles/overview/model-at-150.html

All track Service AT-150HD
All track Service AT-150HD. http://www.all-track.ca/tracked-vehicles/overview/model-at-2000.html

All-Track Service (1984) Ltd Model AT-2000
All-Track Service (1984) Ltd Model AT-2000. http://www.all-track.ca/

Commander C Tri-Axle Foremost
Commander C Tri-Axle Foremost. http://www.foremost.ca/index_commander.php

Husky 8 Foremost
Husky 8 Foremost. http://crazys.info/1290016757-nastoyashhievnedorozhnikich4foremosthuskyi.html

Husky 8 Foremost
Husky 8 Foremost. http://crazys.info/1290016757-nastoyashhievnedorozhnikich4foremosthuskyi.html

Powertraxx model 02-H
Powertraxx model 02-H, PowerTraxx Vehicles Inc., Whitefish, Ontario. http://www.powertraxx.com/powertraxx_vehicle_models.shtml

BMC 245 Nuffield
BMC 245 Nuffield, transformed by Hultdins System Ab, Sweden. http://www.bengts.com/machinebmc.html

Bombi of Bombardier, 1977
Bombi of Bombardier, 1977. http://www.chameleoninc.com/snowcats/bombi.html

Defender 110 with Mattracks tracks
Defender 110 with Mattracks tracks. http://www.autoruote4x4.com/it/land_rover_by_mattracks.html#.UJPgeKOa9lo

Excavator Karl Gustav, 1987
Excavator Karl Gustav, 1987, 8,5 t, manufactured by Haapasaari Vigert and Erling Karungi, Sweden. http://www.bengts.com/machinekarlgustav.html

Go-Tract 1200 of Prinoth
Go-Tract 1200 of Prinoth. http://en.prinoth.com/Utility-Vehicles/Go-Tract%C2%AE

GT 1200 of Prinoth
GT 1200 of Prinoth. http://www.alturalift.com/Cherrypicker/UtilityVehicles/Prinoth_GT_1200.html

Ice Challenger Snowbird 6
Ice Challenger Snowbird 6. Picture of Joanna Vestey/Katz Pictures. http://www.icechallenger.com/icechallenger/snowbird6.swf

Kenworth C500 oilfield truck
Kenworth C500 oilfield truck. http://www.commercialmotor.com/big-lorry-blog/kenworth-trucks-for-the-canadi

LMC 1500 in production until 1988.
LMC 1500 in production until 1988. http://www.chameleoninc.com/snowcats/1500/index.htm and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logan_Machine_Company

Mattracks T4-3500 robot
Mattracks T4-3500 robot. Mattracks worked with Tardec, Karlstad, MN, for this electric drive Tracked Unmanned Ground Vehicle project, in 2008. http://usarmy.vo.llnwd.net/e2/-images/2008/06/16/17571/

Muskeg of Prinoth as Go-Track Muskeg
Muskeg of Prinoth of Leitner group, Italy. It is produced since the 50s by Bombardier at Valcourt then at Granby, Quebec. http://en.prinoth.com/Utility-Vehicles/Go-Tract%C2%AE

Oliver HG wide track in production until 1951
Oliver HG wide track in production until 1951. Pict from book of P. A. Letourneau : 'Cletrac and Oliver crawlers', Iconografix, Osceola, 1996.

Oliver Model F
Oliver, then Cletrac, Model F, 3000 built from 1920. Pict from book of P. A. Letourneau : 'Cletrac and Oliver crawlers', Iconografix, Osceola, 1996.

Oliver Model OC-46 diesel dozer
Oliver Model OC-46 diesel dozer. Pict from book of P. A. Letourneau : 'Cletrac and Oliver crawlers', Iconografix, Osceola, 1996.

Raidtrac 1800
Raidtrac 1800 forestry articulated vehicle. Raidtrac Vehicules, Drummondville, Québec. http://www.raidtrac.com/index.htm

Seiga 6x6 for reed harvester
Seiga 6x6 for reed harvester marketed by Vnad Ltd, Hungary. There are 4x4, 6x6 and 8x8 models. Reeds are sold for building house reed roofs. http://hajduboszormeny.olx.hu/seiga-nadarato-4x4-6x6-reed-harveter-iid-14800424

Sno-kitten of Tucker Corporation
Sno-kitten of Tucker Corporation in the 50s. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sno-Cat

Sprite 1200B of Thiokol,1967
Sprite 1200B of Thiokol, 1967. http://www.chameleoninc.com/snowcats/gallery.html

TG88E Tanguay
TG88E Tanguay, Grapple skidder of Tanguay, Roberval, Quebec. http://www.tanguay.cc/tg88e_grapple.html

Timberjack 8x8 CF 885
Timberjack 8x8 CF 885. http://www.autobonus.lt/forest-machinery/ad/timberjack-1410d/en/44140

Tucker Sno-Cat
Tucker Sno-Cat. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tucker_Sno_Cat,_McMurdo_Station.JPG

Tucker Sno-cat 1742, Medford, Oregon from 1979
Tucker Sno-cat 1742, Medford, Oregon from 1979. http://www.snotrans.com/equipment2.html

Tucker Sno-cat 1742, Medford, Oregon.
Tucker Sno-cat 1742, Medford, Oregon. http://www.snotrans.com/equipment2.html

Amphibious Jeep GPA
Amphibious Jeep GPA, built from 1944 to 45 under the name Seep. Mass 2 t. J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, May 2000.

Citroën 4x4 agricultural tractor
Citroën 4x4 agricultural tractor, 1946, used at La Ferté Vidame Center. J M M at Rétromobile, Paris, Feb 1997.

County Four-Drive on trials in 1955
County Four-Drive on trials in 1955. Pict from the book ‘Ford Tractor Conversions', by Stuart Gibbard, Farming Press books, 1995.

Duro 4x4 suspension
Duro 4x4 suspension. Front and rear wheels were interconnected. J M M at Le Bourget on June 1996.

GAZ-46 Amphibious
GAZ-46 Amphibious built from 1952 at Gorki Automobile Plant, Russia. J M M at Parc de St Cloud in early 90s.

Kaiser Jeep 715
Kaiser Jeep 715 built between 1967 and 1969 at 33000 units at Toledo Plant, Ohio, to replace Dodge M 37. Civilian models were marketed from 1968. J M M at La Ferté Alais on June 1997.

Laffly 4x4 chassis
Laffly 4x4 chassis and suspension. J M M at MVCG, ,Issy-les-Moulineaux, December 1991.

Laffly V 15 T 4x4
Laffly/Licorne V 15 T 4x4. J M M at Limieux, near Abbeville, France on 1993 05 30. About 200 produced in 1939-40. Payload 700 kg, Speed 58 km/h.

Laffly V 15 R 4x4 5
Laffly V 15R 4x4. J M M at Sourdun Forest, France, September 1993. Rear rocker crossbar suspension can be seen on lower picture.

Latil TL 10 Tractor
Latil TL 10 4x4 Tractor. The first Latil TL dates from 1921 and under different names, the general concept lasted until the 80s. The first front wheel drive and steering axel was invented by G. Latil in 1898. J M M at Loco en Fête on 2009 06 13.

Menzi Muck A71 excavator
Menzi Muck A71 excavator, as Kaiser or Camuc can move and work on slopes of mountains. J M M at Forexpo, Bordeaux, June 2002. http://www.menzimuck.com/en/produktegruppe/index.html

Morris C8 Quad
Morris C8 Quad 4x4 Artillery Tractor built at 10000 units in England between 1939 and 1945. mass 3,3 t, 5 Passengers + driver, 70 HP engine, Speed 80 km/h. J M M on June 8, 1989, at Avranches, for 45th Anniversary of Normandy Landing.

OM Autocarretta 36
OM Autocarretta 36, OM Company, Brescia, Italy. J M M at Duxford Museum, GB, August 2002.

Rolligon 4450
Rolligon 4450. J M M at Intermat, Villepinte in May 1991. It was imported in France by Somico, Beauvais.

Sambron elevator
Sambron foklift. J M M at SIMA Show in the 80s. Sambron S A, Pontchateau, France, was subsidiary of Fayat group and was bought by Ingersol-Rand Company in 2000. Bobcat are always built here but for Doosan Infracore since 2007.

Syncro 4x4 Volkswagen
Syncro 4x4 Volkswagen of the 80s. Inter-axle differential was a viscous liquid device. J M M at La Defense, near Paris, May 1988.

Unimog 4x4 Mercedes
Unimog 4x4 Mercedes of the 50s. J M M at Sourdun Forest, France, September 1993.

VB 100 Bison
VB 100 Bison, 1955, designed by Victor Bouffort and built by Batignolles-Chatillon. J M M at Saumur Museum, early 2000.

Caterpillar DW 20 Tractor
Caterpillar DW 20 Tractor fitted with compactor, J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, June 2000.

Continental CR8
Continental CR8 by Richard Frères, produced from 1959 to 1967. Mass 12-16 t, Speed 55 km/h, 25 km/h is more realistic, 160 ch Berliet engine. CR8 was too unstable for use as skidder in forestry.

County 1124 tractor
County 1124 tractor with Citil CT5004 crane, in the 60s. From the book ‘Ford Tractor Conversions', by Stuart Gibbard, Farming Press books, 1995.

Deutz-Fahr Tractor
Deutz-Fahr Tractor fitted with Michelin wide tires. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, Feb 1999.

Evrard Alpha 2500 Varitrack Sprayer
Evrard Alpha 2500 Varitrack Sprayer with Hydrostatic transmission. J M M at SIMA on Febr 1999.

Foward Control County FC 1184 TW with spreader
Forward Control County FC 1184 TW with spreader. From the book ‘Ford Tractor Conversions', by Stuart Gibbard, Farming Press books, 1995.

Hemos Multitrac
Hemos Multitrac, Meppel, Netherlands. 420 hp Scania engine, hydrostatic transmission, 12800 kg, 35 km/h, from 1993. http://www.nedtrac.com/multitrak3.htm

LARC LX Amphibious
LARC LX Amphibious. J M M at Marshall Museum, Zwijndrecht, The Nethelands on Mars 2003. This museum moved to Overloon.

Matenin TT7, 4x4.
Matenin TT7, 4x4, 1996, 4x4, 7 t, 100 km/h, hydro pneumatic suspension, central inflation tires, 226-256 MAN engine. Pict J M M at Le Bourget ,1996 06. Their site does not mention no more this vehicle. http://www.lohr.fr/index_fr.htm

Merlo MM 180 B
Merlo MM 180 B for forestry work. Merlo comes from Cuneo, Italy. J M M at Open House at 5ème Génie de Versailles on June 2003.

Northrop Tractor, 1964
Northrop 5004 Tractor, 1964, Ford conversion designed by David J.B. Brown, GB. 80 hp engine, high ground clearance.100 to 150 were built. From the book ‘Ford Tractor Conversions', by Stuart Gibbard, Farming Press books, 1995.

Polaris 6x6 quad with and without tracks
Polaris 6x6 quad with and without tracks. J M M at Val d'Isère on 1989-08-14

Alvis Supacat 6x6 1600
Alvis Supacat 6x6 1600. A tank-trailer in the form of tire contains fuel or water. J M M at Villepinte, June 2002.

Marmont-Bocquet FF6 6x6, 1958
Marmont-Bocquet FF6 6x6, 1958. J M M at Rétromobile, Paris, March 1998.

Rassant 6x6 tractor
Rassant 6x6 mountain tractor for steep slopes. J M M at SIMA Show, Paris in 1990 03 07.

AM General M35
AM General Corp. M35 of the 60s always in service in the 90s. Payload 4,5 t, speed 90 km/h, J M M at la Ferté Alais, June 1994.

Astra 6x6 desert truck HHD 8
Astra 6x6 desert truck HHD 8. http://www.trucksplanet.com/catalog/model.php?id=546

Barigelli B!6 4x4
Barigelli B/6 4x4 Beet Harvester. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte in Feb 2001. It is equipped with wide tires for soft grounds but it is not a really off-road vehicle.

Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6
Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6. J M M at open house at 5ème Génie de Versailles, Versailles, June 2003.

Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6 4
Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6. J M M at open house at 5ème Génie de Versailles, June 2003.

Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6 5
Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6. J M M at open house at 5ème Génie de Versailles, June 2003.

Berliet Gazelle GBC 6x6
Berliet Gazelle GBC 6x6 from 1957. J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, June 2002.

Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6
Berliet TBO 15 P 6x6. J M M at open house at 5ème Génie de Versailles, June 2003.

Big Foot
Big Foot for large exhibitions in stadiums born in the 70s. The original Big Foot stands at St Louis, Missouri. This one has a cab of Ford truck and wheels from a Letourneau train in Alaska. http://www.bigfoot4x4.com/home.html

Kenworth C500 for Slumberger in the 80s
Kenworth C500 for Slumgerger in the 80s, http://www.kenworth.com/trucks/c500.aspx

Laffly 6x6 S15
Laffly 6x6 S15 of the mid-30s. Laffly, Asnières, France, lasted from 1849 to early 50s. Pict from an advertising in the review 'L'Illustration, Numero Spécial : L'Automobile', 1941.

M-123 Prime Mover
M-123 Prime Mover. J M M at Littlefield Collection, Portola Valley, CA, on June 2001.

M-813 Truck, Cargo, 5 ton, 6x6 LWB, AM General
M-813 Truck, Cargo, 5 ton, 6x6 LWB, AM General. J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, June 2002

M-813 Truck, Cargo, 5 ton, 6x6 LWB, AM General
M-813 Truck, Cargo, 5 ton, 6x6 LWB, AM General of early 70s. J M M at Loco en Fête, La Ferté Alais, June 2002

RVI CBH 320 Truck
RVI, Renault Véhicules Industriels, CBH 320 Truck. J M M at Truck Show, Paris on September 1995.

Scammel Explorer 6x6 Heavy Recovery Vehicle
Scammel Explorer 6x6 Heavy Recovery Vehicle. J M M at 45th Anniversary of Normandy Landing not far from Avranches 1989 06 08

Scammell 6x6 truck
Scammell 6x6 truck semi-tracked of the 20s for oilfield work. From book of A. Ingram and C. Peck 'Off-highway and Construction Trucks' Littlehapton Ltd, 1980.

Ward-Lafrance from WWII
Ward-Lafrance repair truck from WWII. J M M on June 8, 1989, for 45th Anniversary of Normandy Landing at Avranches.

Kenworth 853 and 853D, 1949
Kenworth 853 and 853D, 1949, ancestor of oil trucks, built at about 1700 units for ARAMCO.

Amphibious tracked 8x8
Amphibious tracked 8x8. J M M at a surplus seller at Athis-Mons on December 1989.

Hillcat of Scot Track
Hillcat of Scot Track, Perthshire, GB. Created in 1988, Scot track produced over 500 vehicles sold all over the world. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, Feb 1999.

Scot-Track Glenalmond ATV 8x8
Scot-Track Glenalmond ATV 8x8 which is now the '2000R' of Scotland. J M M at Le Bourget on June 1996. Hill Cat, smaller is marketed too.

Holder Tractor
Holder Tractor with rear tray and enclosed cab. It's a scale model. J M M archives from Virus, Dijon.

Terex PS3500H Transporter
Terex PS3500H Transporter. J M M at open house of 5ème Génie of Versailles on June 2003..

Carraro 4x4 articulated agricultural tractor.
Carraro 4x4 articulated agricultural tractor type Tigre. J M M at SIMA Show at Paris, 1990 03 07.

Ferrari Thor 4x4 articulated tractor 3
Ferrari Thor 4x4 articulated tractor. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, on Feb 2003.

Hydrema and Thwaites Dumpers
Hydrema and Thwaites Dumpers. J M M at Intermat, Villpinte, April 1994.

Landini 4x4 articulated tractor
Landini 4x4 articulated tractor. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, Feb 2001.

Study of articulated 4x4
Study of articulated 4x4 of Public Reseach Establishment. J M M at SIMA on February 1993.

Valpadena Tractor
Valpadana articulated 4x4 Tractor. Valpadana Company exists since 1935 in Brazil. J M M on February 1997 at SIMA. http://www.valpadana.it/valpadana/sectionsBrand/en/2438/The_History.aspx
Bomag BC601RB Trash Compactor
Bomag BC601RB Trash Compactor. J M M at auction of Moerdjick, The Netherlands, on March 2003.
Camox skidder
Camox skidder manufactured by Pialleport SA, St Simeon de Bressieux, France. It markets Komatsu harvesters and forwarders. J M M at Euroforest, St Bonnet de Joux, June 2003.
Caterpillar 550 Harvester 4x4
Caterpillar 550 Harvester 4x4, designed for mountain forestry work. J M M at Forexpo, Bordeaux, June 2002.
Caterpillar 988 wheeled dozer 2
Caterpillar 988 wheeled dozer built from 1963 to late 70s. Pictured at La Ferté Alais on June 1997.
Caterpillar 988 wheeled dozer
Caterpillar 988 wheeled dozer built from 1963 to late 70s. J M M at La Ferté Alais on June 1997.
Caterpillar Grapple skidder
Caterpillar Grapple skidder. J M M at Euroforest, St Bonnet de Joux, June 2003.
CMC 4x4 articulated Megatrac Spreader
CMC, Constructions Mécaniques Champenoises, Epernay, France, 4x4 articulated Megatrac Spreader. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, Feb 2001.
Cradle Dump Letourneau, 1935
Cradle Dump Letourneau, 26 m3, was, in 1935, an early design for off-road hauling. It was side and bottom dumping pulled by a Caterpillar RD8 tractor. Pict from book of Eric C. Orleman : 'R.G. LeTourneau Heavy Equipment, 1921-1953', Iconografix, I
Doe Triple D conversion of Ford Super Major
Doe Triple D conversion of Ford Super Major. About 290 units were built between 1958 and 1964. http://www.eyefetch.com/image/1247635

Euclid B3 SH Scraper
Euclid B3 SH Scraper in action. J M M at Rétromobile, Cordelle, France, August 2002.

Kockum KL 411
Kockum KL 411 from Kokum, Sweden, built from 1967 to 1970 at 77 copies. Payload 15 t. Volvo tooke it over in 1982. http://www2.landskrona.se/kultur/landsverk/grav/kockmaskiner/klmidje/kl411.html

Lauster 4x4 articulated
Lauster 4x4 articulated vehicle with wheels and rolls. J M M at Sinsheim Museum, Germany, Dec 2000.

Letourneau Tournacrane
Letourneau Tournacrane. J M M at Marshall Museum, Zwijndrecht, The Netherlands on Mars2003. This museum moved at Overloon.

Lime speader Panien PR 300
Lime speader Panien PR 300, based on Renault truck. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte Feb 1999.

MoAZ-49011 tractor
MoAZ-49011 tractor, SM Kirov plant, Mogilev, Belarus, for agriculture. Mass 13,5 t, Hydromechanics transmission, speed 35 km/h. This Society built mainly construction equipment. http://www.moaz.ru/tractor.htm

Panien Spreader
Panien Hamm spreader. See Chap 'Articulated 4x4 vehicles, Heavy'. J M M at Intermat, Villepinte, May 2000.

Timberjack 208D
Timberjack 208D of the 70s. J M M at la Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais, on June 1996.

Waker articulated amphibious vehicle
Waker articulated amphibious vehicle with retractable wheels. Who knows more ? It was on good site www.amphibiousvehicle.net

Gama Goat articulated 6x6
Gama Goat articulated 6x6 produced between 1968 and 1972. See Chap 'Meili Tractors and Gama-Goat'. J M M at Magny-en-Vexin, France, May 1, 1994.

Flex-Trac, Meili, 1959
Flex-Trac, Meili, 1959. First articulated 6x6 vehicle made by Meili, Schaffousen, Switzerland. See Chap : Meili Tractors and Gama Goat'. Picture Gerold Röthlin Archives.

Articulated Bigfoot 10x10
Articulated Bigfoot 10x10 for shows on French Riviera. http://www.rivierabeach.fr/motorshowcascadeurssommaire.htm

Heavy multi-wheeled vehicle
Heavy multi-wheeled vehicle, 2004, not off-road. http://www.supercars.net/Pics?vpf3=y&gID=1&fID=4&tID=142740&mID=3359163&l=j

KRAZ 260 6x6 tractor and semi-trailer
KRAZ 260 6x6 tractor and semi-trailer with 6 wheels. About 1982.

KRAZ-6434-1 8x8
KRAZ-6434-1 8x8, prototype of Kremenchug Plant, Poltova District, Ukrainia, unveiled in 1974. Today AvtoKRAZ is a holding society which sells modernized trucks and always the 8x8 7E6316. http://fotki.yandex.ru/users/volosiva/view/710995/?page

MK 48 LVS, Lockheed
MK 48 LVS articulated 8x8, Lockheed, 1980. http://www.arboristsite.com/forestry-logging-forum/203824.htm

Rolligon 10x10
Rolligon 10x10 from Bechtel for Catco in the 70s in Alaska for petroleum research. http://www.umiat.com/webphotos/UICphotos/UICOS/slides/Peak%20Rolligon.html

Versatile Big Roy Prototyp 2
Versatile Big Roy, late 70s, was built by Versatile Manufacturing Ltd, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Mass 26 t, 600 hp 19 l diesel Cummins engine. Displayed at the Manitoba Agr. Museum in Austin, Manitoba. http://www.nedtrac.com/bijzondere1.htm
Foremost Delta 3
Foremost Delta 3. It belonged to Linelec. J M M at Murolles en Hurepoix in December 1983.

XM376 and XM 377, 1957
XM376 and XM377, 1957 built by Detroit Arsenal. http://blog.hemmings.com/index.php/2010/03/11/march-military-campaign-another-double-ended-tank-transporter/

Citroën P17 semi-tracked
Citroën P17 semi-tracked, built between 1929 and 1934. The Kegresse tracks were rubber and steel. J M M at La Ferté Alais on June 1997.
Kress Arctic Personnal Carrier
Kress Arctic Personal Carrier based on CAT 700 Series. http://forums.dhsdiecast.com/default.aspx?g=posts&t=129402

Citroën semi-tracked of La Croisière Jaune
Citroën semi-tracked, 1931. J M M at Pont l'Eveque Museum, Normandie, on October 2003.

Ford Semi-tracked of Byrd, 1933
Ford Semi-tracked probably based, 1933, used by Admiral Richard Byrd in Antarctic.

Fordson F with FTA Rigid Tracks
Fordson F with FTA Rigid Tracks half-track conversion. J M M at Heidrick Museum, Woodland, CA, on June 2001.

Fordson T with CALH half-track conversion
Fordson F with CALH Rigid Tracks half-track conversion. J M M at Heidrick Museum, Woodland, CA, on June 2001.

GAZ-60 Half-Track
GAZ-60 Half-Track was one of the first half-track prototypes of 1938 by Gorki Polytechnic Institute, USSR. http://чулковы.рф/arhiv/auto/364-istoriya-sovetskogo-avtoproma.html

Gaz-65 semi-tracked, 1940
Gaz-65 semi-tracked, 1940 with additional tracks, made at 2000 units. Tracks were interchangeable with series wheels. http://auto-portal.ucoz.net/photo/gaz_65_predstavljal_soboj_polugusenichnyj_gruzovoj_avtomobi/1-0-442

Ford T of Transport Museum Alberta
Ford T of Transport Museum Alberta. The tracks seem to come from Bombardier. http://www.flickr.com/photos/blondygirl/3626154626/in/photostream/

Leamington half-track prototype conversion on Fordson tractor.
Leamington half-track prototype conversion on Fordson tractor. Pict from the book ‘Ford Tractor Conversions’, by Stuart Gibbard, Farming Press books, 1995.

Model A snow vehicle at Pionneer Museum, Nebraska
Model A Tudor Sedan snow vehicle, 1929, fitted with Arps Snow Bird conversion and used by the New-York Guard. Pict F. Pierre at Pioneer Museum, Nebraska,

Model A Sedan Snow Vehicle, 1929
Model A Sedan Snow Vehicle, 1929. http://www.marktraffic.com/1929-ford-model-a-sedan.php

Waldschlepper Type Deutz 1500
Waldschlepper Type Deutz 1500 built just after WWII for forest work. Parts came from Raupenschlepper OST RSO light prime mover. J M M at Speyer Museum, Dec 2000.

Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor 3
Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor of the 50s. These tracks dates from 1941, in England. See Chapter : 'Changes around the track I'. J M M at La Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais near Paris in June 1997.

Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor 9
Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor of the 50s. These tracks dates from 1941, in England. See Chapter : 'Changes around the track I'. J M M at La Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais near Paris in June 1997.

Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor
Rotaped tracks on Renault tractor of the 50s. These tracks dates from 1941, in England. See Chapter : 'Changes around the track I'. J M M at La Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais near Paris in June 1997.

Snow Conversion on Ford Model A, 1931.
Snow Conversion on Ford Model A, 1931. http://hooniverse.com/2012/06/06/ebay-find-1931-ford-model-a-snowmud-track-coupe/

Somua MCG 5 Semi-Tracked Truck
Somua MCG 5 Semi-Tracked Truck. J M M at Limieux near Abbeville, Normandy, on 1993 05 30. About 350 units were produced in 1938-40. For 8 persons, 6,4 T masF.

Tracks
Tracks : above is a Bobcat, down is part of a Massenza cold planer (or asphalt milling machine). J M M at Intermat, Villepinte, in May 1991.
Unic TU 1 Semi-Tracked Tractor 3
Unic TU 1 Semi-Tracked Tractor , J M M at Locomotion en fête, La Ferté Alais, France on June 5 1998. Produced at 236 units in 1939-40, 49 hp, 46 km/h,

Unic TU 1 Semi-Tracked Tractor 22
Unic TU 1 Semi-Tracked Tractor. J M M at la Locomotion en fête, La Ferté Alais, France on June 5 1998. Produced at 236 units in 1939-40, 49 hp, 46 km/h,

Unic TU 1 Tractor Semi-Tracked
Unic TU 1 Tractor Semi-Tracked. J M M at MVCG, Issy-les-Moulineaux, December, 1991. Produced at about 236 units in 1939-40, 49 hp, 46 km/h.

Catagator 8x8 ATV, 1966
Catagator 8x8 ATV, built from 1966 by Mille-Lac-Corporation, Ogilvie, MN. http://www.6x6world.com/forums/content/section/414-cat-gator_1.html

Cingo M8 Transporter
Cingo M8 Transporter. Cingo is from Merlo group, Cuneo, Italy. J M M at Open House of 5ème Génie of Versailles, June 2003.

DTV Shredder
DTV Shredder, Segway style, 2010. http://www.gizmag.com/dtv-shredder-tracked-vehicle/16668/picture/123094/

Extreme DPW Snow Rover
Extreme DPW Snow Rover, futuristic design posted on the Internet in 2009 from Rochester, NY.

Issoise tractor
Issoise Tractor prototype, 1939, was not stable side slope because too narrow. J M M at Saumur Museum, March 2000.

Jonsered Iron Horse
Jonsered Iron Horse from early 2000. Jonsered is situated in Sweden. J M M at Aurillac, France in August 2001.

Mobil Trac System 2 of Caterpillar
Mobil Trac System of Caterpillar on not driven trailer. J M M Le Bourget, June 1994.

Ohara SM20, 1990
Ohara SM20, Snowmobile from Japan, about 1990, with Isuzu diesel engine, fuel consumption 20-35 l/100 km for 6 persons. http://spec.drom.ru/prodam-snegohod-ohara-sm20-6904504.html

Ransomes MG tractor
Ransomes MG tractor. MG 2, MG 3, MG 6 were built between 1936 and 1953 and the series lasted until 1965. Tracks were assembled by rubber pads. J M M at Rétromachines, Cordelle, France, on August 2002.

Schmiedag Tractor 2
Schmiedag Tractor. J M M at Speyer Museum, Germany, Dec 2000. See Chap : 'Tour of Speyer and Sinsheim Museums'.

Tracked ATV
Tracked ATV, from China. It looks like MGM Tracked Armann Quad from the 2000s, Italy. See Chap 'More Documentation', 'Two tracks, light'.

Weasel M 29
Weasel M 29, invented by Geoffrey Pyke and built by Studebaker at about 15000 units between 1943 and 1945. J M M at MVCG, Issy-les-Moulineaux near Paris on May 20, 1989.

Morooka MST 300VD 2
Morooka MST 300VD marketed here by Camuc. J M M at Euroforest, St Bonnet de Joux, June 2003.

Morooka MST 300VD 3
Morooka MST 300VD marketed by Camuc. J M M at Euroforest, St Bonnet de Joux, June 2003.

Boton-Mermet Mixer on tracks
Boton-Mermet Mixer on tracks at Moncoutant, France, since 1985. Concrete or agricultural food can be mixed by these vertical axel mixers. J M M at SIMA, Villepinte, February 1993.

Morooka MST 300VD
Morooka MST 300VD marketed here by Camuc. J M M at Euroforest, St Bonnet de Joux, June 2003.

Chenillette Renault 36 R
Chenillette Renault 36 R. J M M at Limieux, near Abbeville, Normandy, on 1993 05 30. 260 units built in 1939-40. Payload 1400 kg, 38 hp, Speed 35 km/h, empty, 28 km/h loaded with trailer.

Euro-Puma tracked elevator
Euro-Puma agricultural tracked elevator from Arvert, France, from 1986. J M M at SIMA, (Agicultural Show) of Paris on 1990 03 07.

Fastrax
Fastrax tracked show vehicle from 1988. The original chassis was a M84 personal carrier, 2 engines, automatic transmission, mass 10,6 t. http://www.bigfoot4x4.com/fastrax.html

Renaut tractor Type HO, 1921
Renaut tractor Type HO, 1921, 30 hp, picture taken at Le Mans, France on April 1998.

Flexmobil Kässbohrer 1
Flexmobil Kässbohrer. J M M at Chindrieux, near Le Bouget Lake on 24-25 May 1996 at EID, Entente Interdépartementale de Démoustication, for Mosquito Control.

Takeushi C30R
Takeushi C30R construction site vehicle. J M M at auction of Moerdjick, The Netherlands, on March 2003.

Flex-Trac Nodwell FN22
Flex-Trac Nodwell FN22. J M M at Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais, May 2000

TM130 Sure Track Groomer
TM130 Sure Track Groomer mounted on New-Holland Tractor by Ebertwelding, Ontario, http://www.ebertwelding.com/groomers/surtrac/ Canada. This brand has been in business since 1946 and works with New-Holland since 1983.

Flextrac Nodwell FN-22 2
Flextrac Nodwell FN-22. J M M at Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais, May 2000.

Tracked vehicle at Polston
Tracked vehicle found in a museum at Polson, MT, in 2006. http://www.jalopyjournal.com/forum/showthread.php?t=229248&page=13

Flextrac Nodwell FN-22 3
Flextrac Nodwell FN-22. J M M at Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais, May 2000

Vancat Snow Cat Transportation
Vancat Snow Cat, about 2010, at Peak Adventure resort to transport 16 people with skis. 391 hp engine, Hans Hall aluminum tracks, Thiokol chassis. http://www.besportier.com/archives/vancat-snowcat-transportation-is-a-snowboardersskiiers-dream.html

Flextrac Nodwell FN-22
Flextrac Nodwell FN-22. J M M at Locomotion en Fête, La Ferté Alais, May 2000.

Fordson F with Trakford conversion
Fordson F with Trakford conversion. Trakford was at San Francisco. J M M at Heidrick Museum, Woodland, CA, on June 2001.

General Purpose transport vehicle NSU 1
General Purpose transport vehicle NSU for mountain use designed in 1957-59. Tests were conducted in 1960-62. Mass 2,5 t, 40 hp Porsche engine, only 3 built. J M M at Koblence Museum, Oct 2000.

Vammas tracked kit
Vammas tracked kit. Vammas SRE, Vammala, Finland, is specialized in snow removal equipment in airports. It was sold by Patria Oy to Hagie Manufacturing Company, Ohio, in 2008. Hagie build agricultural equipment.

General Purpose transport vehicle NSU 2
General Purpose transport vehicle NSU for mountain use designed in 1957-59. Tested in 1960-62. Mass 2,5 t, 40 hp Porsche engine, only 3 built. J M M at Koblence Museum, Germany, Oct 2000.

Vammas VM 84 on Ford 6610
Vammas VM 84 kit on Ford 6610. Picture from 2006. http://www.kaivinkoneet.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=31&t=344

Henway 5000 tracked vehicle
Henway 5000 tracked vehicle probably of the 50s, homemade. It looks like the Frandee, ancestor of Thiokol. See Chapter 'Thiokol and LMC tracked vehicles'. http://www.jalopyjournal.com/forum/showthread.php?t=229248&page=6

Vammas Sergent on Ford 5000
Vammas Sergent on Ford 5000. http://www.maskinisten.net/viewtopic.php?printertopic=1&t=6015&postdays=0&postorder=asc&&start=45

Hornsby Tractor
Hornsby Tractor, 1905. J M M at Bovington museum, GB, on September 1994. See Chapter : 'Changes around the tracks I'..

Difco Ford conversion for swamps
Difco swamp track conversion on Ford 6403 for use in peat bog. Tracks were built by Ballintubber Entreprises, Ireland. Pict. from the book 'Ford Tractor conversions' by Stuart Gibbard, Press Book, 1995.

Kässborhrer Pisten Bully Groomer
Kässborhrer Pisten Bully Groomer. J M M at L'Alpe d'Huez in August 1989.

Lannen S10 Tractor
Lannen S10 Tractor, conversion from Finland. http://www.nettikone.com/lannen/s10/1064549

Exhibition Tracked vehicle
Exhibition Tracked vehicle built on M 3 Stuart in the 70s. Pict from the book ‘Camions en couleur’ of Jean-Gabriel Jeudy, ETAI, 1996.

Lannen S10
Lannen S10. From Finnland. http://www.nettikone.com/lannen/s10/1048142 and http://www.kaivinkoneet.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=34&t=340

Forestry tracked vehicle
Forestry tracked vehicle of former USSR. J M M at SIMA, Paris in March 1989.

Matbro TC 160
Matbro TC 160 rubber tracked tractor. J M M at Agriculture Show, SIMA, Paris in March 1995. Marbro, Surrey, GB was specialized in all terrain forklift trucks and was sold to J Deere in 2003.

Inter-Drain Plow
Inter-Drain Plow of Tiel, The Netherlands. J M M at SIMA show at Paris on 1990 03 07.

Morooka crawler dumper MST-700
Morooka crawler dumper MST-700. J M M at auction of Moerdjick, The Netherlands, on March 2003.

Morooka Tracked Carrier
Morooka Tracked Carrier built or sold by many brands as Isuzu, Hitachi. J M M at SIMA, Paris, March 1989.

Predator LT 400 Dumper
Predator LT 400 Dumper, which seems to be from New-Holland, from www.farmphoto.com.

Tracked vehicle for installation of drains
Tracked vehicle for installation of drains. J M M at auction of Moerdjick, The Netherlands, on March 2003.

Tracks of Passini Group
Tracks of Passini Group for undercarriages. J M M at Intermat, Villepinte, France, May 2003.

Tucker Sno-cat 3
Tucker Sno-cat of Expedition Polaires Belges in the 50s. J M M at Musée du Cinquantenaire, Bruxells, on May 9, 1999.

Tucker Snocat 542 ACF
Tucker Sno-cat 542 ACF in 1968 whose 3 units were presented to French Army to replace Studebaker Weasel. One (below) stays in reserves of Saumur Museum. Pict from book ‘Scout cars et Half-Tracks’ of J M Boniface et J G Jeudy, ETAI, 1989.

Hagglunds BV 206
Hägglunds BV 206 of Firemen and Emergency Services of Pontarlier, France. J M M, August 1995.

Natec P6
Natec P6 articulated tracked vehicle from 1998 of Narvik Technologies, Narvik, Norway. Length 8 m, payload 7 t, 260 hp engine and fully hydrostatic transmission. J M M archives.

Ploeger vegeteble crops
Ploeger vegeteble crops with four rubber tracks. J M M at SIMA, Paris, February 1997.

SISU NA-110
SISU NA-110 built from 1986 (NA-140) to 1994 in Finland. J M M at Le Bourget on June 1996.

Pioneer of Foremost
Pioneer of Foremost. http://www.antarctica.gov.au/living-and-working/travel-and-logistics/ground-transport/field-support-vehicles/nodwell-and-foremost-pioneer-tracked-vehicles

X-Musen, early 60s.
X-Musen, early 60's. See Chap :'Go Devil of Wagner Brothers'. It is now exhibited at Arsenalen museum, Strägnas, Sweden, which opened in 2012.

Rolligons model 4x4 4440, 2x2 2250, 2x1 2140
Rolligons model 4x4 4440, 2x2 2250, 2x1 2140 in 1964. William Albee invented and built these bag for off-road vehicles named Rolligon at Rolligon Corporation, Monterey, CA. 2x2 and 2x1 were not current. F. Pierre Archives.

Rolligon model 6x6 6650 and 4x4 4450
Rolligon model 6x6 6650 and 4x4 4450 in 1964. William Albee invented and constructed these bags for off-road vehicles at Rolligon Corporation, Monterey, CA. F. Pierre Archives.

Prop-M Walking Robot
Prop-M Walking Robot weighs 4,5 kg. It was launched on Mars in 1971 by Mars 2 and Mars 3, without results. It walked on a pair of skis like draglines, in the limit of 15 m cable length. http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=Mars_0

Gladiator TUV LiteFoot Mattracks
Gladiator TUV (Tracked Utility vehicle). LiteFoot Mattracks has exoskeleton frame and "walking beam" suspension for tracks. Mattracks of Karlstad, MN, has a plant in China. http://www.jetedge.com/content.cfm?fuseaction=dsp_success_case&case_ID=83

ONEZHETS MLPG LHT-100A-12-FR-2VN
ONEZHETS MLPG LHT-100A-12-FR-2VN, fire fighting vehicle which recently appeared in forestry district of Krivandinskom http://rcforum.su and http://photo.qip.ru/users/igorzhukov.fotoplenka/150545567/?mode=xlarge&page=3

Steiger panther Twin ST650 of 1977
Steiger panther Twin ST650 test model of 1977. Two 3406 Caterpillar engines for 650 HP. http://toytractorshow.com/Steiger4.htm

Melrose M 880 pusher
Melrose M 880 8x8 was built by C.F. & I Engineering of Denver Colorado in 1970 with a dozer blade. http://doncampbellmodels.wordpress.com/2007/02/05/melrose-m-880-pusher/

Uniknick of Unimog
Uniknick were articulated forestry tractors built from Unimog 421 at 120 units by Werner of Trier (Trèves) between 1968 and 1988. Power 60 hp. Weight 5100kg, length 4.9 m, speed 50 km/h. http://www.unimog-mania.com/t7554-fond-d-ecran

Terra-Gator TKD6
Terra-Gator TKD6 Tracked Dumper. http://www.nedtrac.com/Bijzondere.htm and www.roadtransport.com

ZIL 4904 Screw Vehicle
ZIL 4904 Screw Vehicle of 1972. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil4904.html and http://shadow-cars.ucoz.ru/photo/160-0-1228

Cross-Country Tracked Vehicle from Tuimazinsky
Cross-Country Tracked Vehicle from Tuimazinsky in 2007.

Ersaco 8x8
Ersaco 8x8 from the 80s, based on Land-Rover 110. http://www.oto6.fr/6roues/6roues6x6.htm, good site.

Forcat 2000 small tracked skidder-forwarder
Forcat 2000 small tracked skidder-forwarder. 27 hp engine, hydrostatic transmission. About 2005. http://fabricationtremzac.com/client/page2.asp?page=84&clef=92&clef2=15

Foremost Magnum
Foremost Magnum 4 pipe carrier in the 80s of Foremost, Calgary, Alberta. http://ipmsuk.proboards.com/index.cgi?action=display&board=conv&thread=6084&page=2

Grumman Molab Concept
Grumman Molab Concept Roving Robot, 1964. http://spacecollective.org/eric/2101/Spaceships-Proposed-Lunar-Vehicles

Pinzgauer of Steyr Puch with additional tracks
Pinzgauer of Steyr Puch with additional tracks. http://pinzforum.kiruna.de/viewtopic.php?t=860 and http://jacksonpowersteering.com/tag/pinzgauer/

Secma Fire Quad
Secma Fire Quad. Utility ATV firefighter version. J M M at Mondial de l'automobile 2006 in Paris.

Soucy-Tracks on JCB loader
Soucy-Tracks on JCB loader, Soucy International Inc., Drummondville, Québec. http://www.soucy-track.com/en-CA/home

Wheel-Track Viper Gallileo
Wheel-Track Viper Gallileo robot from Elbit Systems and Galileo Mobility Instruments Ltd, Israel. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9pPiKniPMvs

Tankbot Macroswiss
Articulated 6x6 Tankbot Macroswiss S.A , Lugano, Switzerland. http://www.adaptive.com.ua/article/f8jaxlqui0.html

WERKLUST MW 11
Werklust MW 11, custom built in The Netherlands. Pict from 'Camions Magazine', Dec 1983.

Scorpion Quad Track
Scorpion Arctic Quad Track built by Arctic Enterprises, MN, in 1979 for snow grooming. http://s8.zetaboards.com/snowgroomingtalk/topic/124079/1/ and http://www.bosscatlegacy.com/acproto/groomer/groomer.htm

ZIL E167
ZIL E167 6x6 prototype, in 1963. There was no series because tracked GT-T has been chosen. ZIL-E167 is now stored outdoor at Museum Autoreview, Moscow Kouzminski. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zile167.html

Seiga machine from 1970 invented by Win Pederson.
Seiga machine from 1970 invented by Win Pederson. http://www.hammel-billeder.dk/hammel/erhverv/virksomheder-hml.html

Porche 4x4
Porche 4x4 of the 55/56, 50 hp,built at 70 units in Germany. J M M at Sinsheim Museum, Germany, Dec 2000.

Four tracked all-terrain vehicle of Cutangus
It's a drawing of a futuristic vehicle. It looks like the 'Chaos' of Autonomous Solutions. http://cutangus.deviantart.com/gallery/?offset=192

BV 202 VOLVO
BV 202 in 1971 from Bolinders-Munktell, of Volvo, Eskiltuna, Sweden. Payload 800 kg. 10 men at the rear. It was the first articulated tracked vehicle to be series produced for military and civilians. http://www.motorstown.com/65427-volvo-bv-202.html

MTZ-1502 Tractor of Minsk Plant in Belarus
MTZ-1502 Tractor of Minsk Plant in Belarus, exposed at Minsk on May 30 2006, Oktyabrskaya Square, Minsk, for 60th birthday of the plant. www.rcforum.ru and http://www.mtzequipment.com/products/tractors

MTZ-4520 Tractor of Minsk Plant in Belarus
MTZ-4520 MTZ Tractor of Minsk Plant in Belarus on May 30 2006, Oktyabrskaya Square, Mink for 60th birthday of the plant. http://www.rcforum.ru/showthread.php?t=569

FMC Soft track Fire-Fighter
The FMC Soft Track Fire-Fighter is a fire fighting machine with the ability to climb a 60% grade. http://www.forumsforums.com/3_9/showthread.php?t=26068

Latil M4TX of 1939
Latil M4TX of 1939, 8x8, off-road, 4 extreme wheels steer, 6 cyl gas, 140 ch. It was said it could tow 100 T http://www.avant-train-latil.com/galerie_armee.php

Latil M7T1 4x4
Latil M7T1 4x4 of 1941 to 1949. 500 kg or 5 equipped men.Power 50ch. 25 l of gas /100 km on road. http://www.avant-train-latil.com/

Saurer M8
Saurer M8, 8x8, built for Swiss Army in 1944. http://passion-saurer.bbactif.com/t280-le-saurer-m8

Centaur Robot
Centaur Robot of the 80's at CEA, Fontenay aux Roses, France. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEpB9DoGCnI

TGC Mini-Buggy vibrator
TGC (Tidelands Geophysical Company, Plano, Texas). Mini-Buggy vibrator for petroleum Industry. http://www.tgcseismic.com/972.881.1099/State-of-the-Art_page.html

ZIL 29061 Screw Vehicle
ZIL 29061 Screw Vehicle built since 1978. Two engines VAZ-2103, 25 km/h in snow, 12 km/h in swamps. Named Snekohod. http://alternathistory.org.ua/avtomobili-dlya-bezdorozhya-seriinyi-shnekokhod-0

Kanga tractor with tracks
Kanga tractor with tracks from Australia. http://www.kanga-loader.com/loaders

Soucy-Tracks on agricultural tractor
Soucy-Tracks on agricultural tractor. http://www.soucy-track.com/en-CA/home

Terberg CT-28
Terberg CT-28 in the 80s. http://www.terbergbenschop.nl/uk/products/specials_history.php

Terberg pipe carrier 8x8
Terberg pipe carrier 8x8 driven and steered wheels. Suitable for transporting pipes up to 24 metres long. From Terberg Benshop B.V., Benshop,The Netherlands. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/Terberg/Terberg%20txt.html

ZIL 134
ZIL 134 built in 1955 by SKB (Special Design Bureau) of Vitaly Andreevichem Gratchev. Hydromechanics transmission, adjustable tires pressure.

Terra Bus 6x6 of Foremost
Terra Bus 6x6 of Foremost for Great White Bear Tours, Inc., Churchill, Canada and called Polar Rovers. http://www.greatwhitebeartours.com/album.php?aid=4

Yazuki 3x2 Motorcycle
Yazuki 3x2 Motorcycle, 1997. Yamaha water-cooled engine and Suzuki chassis. Built by a private, it took part to a hill climbing competition at Rachau. J M M at Sinsheim Museum, Germany, Dec 2000.

PTS-M amphibious vehicle
PTS-M amphibious vehicle employed here for Civil Security. http://www.armyrecognition.com/europe/Tchecoslovaquie/Bhana/Bhana_2002_Pictures_Gallery/images/PTSM_Czech_Republic_Bhana_2002_01.jpg

MTZ-2002 Tractor of Minsk Plant in Belarus
Tractors exposed at Minsk, fitted with Soucy tracks. http://www.soucy-track.com/en-CA/home ; http://www.mainpump.com/news/agro/418.htm#.UJU6iqOa9lo

NORMET FARMI TRAC 5000
Normet Farmi Trac 5000 forest articulated vehicle from 1989. Nowadays, Farmi Track manufactures trailers for forest transport. http://www.mascus.com/

Latil TAR4
Latil TAR4 4x4, 28 hp, manufactured between 1928 and 1930. Georges Latil took the first patent of front wheel drive in 1898 with grooved ball universal joint. From excellent site : http://www.avant-train-latil.com/galerie_armee.php

SAURER M8
Saurer M8, 8x8, built for Swiss Army in 1944. Mass 7 T empty + 3,5 T payload. Here are the wheels.

Scarab robot of NASA uphill
Scarab robot of NASA uphill. Active suspension allows moving level. Look at the active lateral arms suspension. http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/robots/index.php

ATAKA articulated vehicle
ATAKA articulated vehicle from Irbit Aggregats Plant, since 2007. Empty mass : 1000 kg, payload : 500 kg, speed 60km/h, power : 71 hp, soil pressure : 0.15 kg/cm2, range : 400 km, no suspensions. http://yablor.ru/blogs/tyani-tolkay/254155

BVSM-80 Tracked-Wheeled Vehicle
BVSM-80 Tracked-Wheeled Vehicle of N. Ulanov who built this prototype ambulance from GAZ-53 and DT-75 bethween1980 and beginning of the 90's. http://ambulances.ru/wheel_rare.shtml

Mangazeya 8x8 Amphibious Vehicle
Mangazeya 8x8 Amphibious Vehicle conceived by Oleg Vasiliev and funded by STE Arctic. Steering by the first and 4th axle, mass empty1750 kg, payload 1250 kg, WV engine, 50 km/h, working temperature +30° to -50°

Tracked Carrier Vityaz DT 10
Articulated Tracked Carrier Vityaz DT 10. http://www.z827.narod.ru/Photos/Gal203/gal203e.htm

Quality Industries Inc wheeled Buggy.
Quality Industries Inc. wheeled Buggy with special wheels. Now, amphibious vehicles are tracked and Quality Industries are replaced by Wilco Manufacturing, LLC, La Fayette, LA. http://www.amphibiousvehicle.net/frame.html

MAZ-MAN Elnya 6x6
MAZ-MAN Elnya 6x6 articulated vehicle since 2008. Mass 9 T for 3 T capacity. Low pressure tires for swamps or snow. Power 115 kW. http://truck-auto.info/maz/386-elnya.html.

Track kit Go-Storm on Renault Tractor for peat or snow.
Track kit Go-Storm on Renault Tractor for peat or snow. http://www.go-storm.com/produit%20surfacage.htm

Aurora Robot of Automatika
Aurora Robot of Automatika, Pennsylvania, 1999. Automatika is now owned by Qinetic.https://www.dndkm.org/Technology/TechnologyFactSheet.aspx?TechnologyID=394 and http://www.ri.cmu.edu/pub_files/2001/0/AURORA_ISSR01_Paper.pdf

Terra Bus Antartic Foremost
Terra Bus Antarctic from Foremost. http://www.foremost.ca/index_tbus.php

Marsokhod 6x6 robot
Marsokhod 6x6 robot designed in early 90's. http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=Marsokhod+&oq=Marsokhod+&gs_l=youtube.3...18878.18878.0.19176.1.1.0.0.0.0.87.87.1.1.0...0.0...1ac.1.kXwgVXUgzeo

Land Rover in 2008 for Raid Cape to Cape and Bering Strait Crossing.
Land Rover in 2007 for Raid Cape to Cape and Bering and Bering crossing with the first tracks version designed for snow. http://www.capetocape.org.uk/Album/index.html

Bus with terra tires
Bus with terra tires on modified Chevrolet of the sixties. www.photobucket.com :/getbentster's profile

GAZ 44 8x8 1972 Prototype
GAZ 44 8x8 1972 Prototype. http://www.conceptcar.ee/ru/83-gaz/203-gaz-44-prototype-1972.html

Tracked Carrier
Tracked Carrier of Rheinbraun, now RWE-Power. For transporting the conveyor-belt-power stations at the open mine of Hambach. Weight 220 T, carrying capacity 750 T. http://www.kransite.de/gastbilder/moelle/lastraupe/

BT 361 Tyumen
BT 361 Tyumen built since 1982 at Kropotkin plant. Total mass : 82 T. Power 300 hp. http://forum.bauforum24.biz/forum/lofiversion/index.php/t22225.html

Vector 8x8 Antarctica 2005
Vector 8x8 for Antarctica 2005, Toyota engine 91 ch. Total mass 7.3 T, equipped with Trecol tires from Belarus. Manufactured with NAMI Institute. http://strannik.flyboard.ru/topic99.html

Tracked 8x8 Argo Amphibious ATV
Tracked 8x8 Argo Amphibious ATV from Ontario Drive and Gear Limited, New Hamburg, Ontario. http://www.argoatv.com/utility/recvehicles.aspx

VEB Schnebeck Model ZT300GB, 1986
VEB Schnebeck Model ZT300GB, 1986, from old FAMO plant, former East Germany. http://163177.forumromanum.com/member/forum/entry_ubb.user_163177.1224488407.1106822414.1106822414.10..html

Grumman LRV 1965
Grumman LRV 1965. http://www.capcomespace.net/dossiers/espace_US/apollo/vaisseaux/lunar_rover/LRV.htm

TTM 3902 tracked vehicle
TTM 3902 tracked vehicle. http://www.nzttm.ru/eng-company.htm ahttp://nzttm.ip-center.ru/media/nd

ZIL PSE-1 Amphibious Vehicle, 1966, designed at SKB of V. Gratchev.
ZIL PSE-1 Amphibious Vehicle, 1966, 180 ch, hydromechanics transmission, independent suspension, crane of 3,5 t capacity. 5 produced in 1968 for 3 astronauts + doctors. PSE-M is a commercial version. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/peu1.html

Moto-Guzzi 3x3
Moto-Guzzi 3x3. Front wheel drive is by vertical axle and beaver. From J M M, at Rétromobile, Paris, on February 1997.

Santana 4x4
Santana 4x4.Picture taken at an exhibition at la Défense. J M M, near Paris, on May 1988.

Tracked Carrier Komatsu.
Tracked Carrier Komatsu. Originally, it seems to be Morooka vehicles sent in the world by Yuasa Trading. http://www.ito-germany.com/crawler-carriers-for-sale-komatsu-cd-110r

FOUR TRACKS LAND ROVER FOR RAID CAPE TO CAPE BY BERING STRAIT
Four tracks on the L.R. for the Raid Cape to Cape in 2008. It seems only wheels were used with pontoon to float on Bering Strait. A BV 206 Hagglünds was also used for parts and food. http://www.capetocape.org.uk/Marker pages/Tracks off.htm

Kirovets k-701b
Kirovets k-701b four tracks articulated tractor. http://www.farmphoto.com/thread.aspx?mid=312702

Spartan 2 Wheeled mobile robot
Wheeled mobile robot Spartan 2 was found on site : www.mechfoundry.com. The front track allows crossing obstacles.

Dongfeng Motor Corporation 4x4 vehicle
Dongfeng Motor Corporation 4x4 vehicle from China 2004. It looks likes the Hummer.

Tracked Dumper Liebherr Litronic
Tracked Dumper Liebherr Litronic of 25 T designed and built by Liebherr and Haddick GmbH, Borken and Orthaus Company. Now, it becomes Caterpillar. http://haddick-gewaesserbau.de/htmls/einsatzbericht.html

Avtoros vehicle 8x8
Avtoros vehicle 8x8. Off-road vehicle of project Z 8x8 of Avtoros Society. Iveco 176 HP, empty : 4,1 T, payload : 1,5 T, speed 70 km/h. http://www.lr-mad.co.uk/en/avtoros-z-83

M2A2 Terrastar
M2A2 Terrastar was issued from Lockheed's Terrastar around 1968 and now in Rock Island Arsenal, Iowa. This prototype of the two survives. From Wikipedia

Camoscio tracked Vehicle on cover of Off-Road 1978
Camoscio tracked Vehicle on cover of review 'Off-Road 1978'

Chaos of Autonomous Solution
Chaos of Autonomous Solution. http://autonomoussolutions.com/chaos-high-mobility-robot/

Moto-Guzzi 3x3
Moto-Guzzi 3x3, 1962, Italy, Moto-Guzzi 3x3, 1962, Italy. Rear track was variable and rear wheels could be fitted with tracks. It was rather high and not very stable in slopes. J M M, at Rétromobile, Paris, on February 1997.

WAAV Mobile Robot
WAAV (Wheeled Actively Articulated Vehicle). Mobile robot built in early 2000 at Berkeley University of California, WAAV was a 6x6 articulated rover with active roll, pitch and yaw controls. http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~prabal/research/embedded/

BAZ-69507
8x8 rigid chassis vehicle from Bryansk, Russia. http://veriana.narod.ru/proch/Mashina/MashGlav.htm

ZVM ATV-2410 Uhtysh
ZVM ATV-2410 Uhtysh tracked vehicle, 3.2 T, 60 km/h, length 4.1 m, gas 150 ch or diesel 110 ch, http://www.zvm-nn.ru/

Latil M7Z1 6x6
Latil M7Z1 6x6, payload 1150 kg, 54 ch, between 1939 and 1940. http://www.avant-train-latil.com/

Marshmaster MM 1 Amphibious
Marshmaster MM1 de Coast Machinary, LLC. Baton rouge, LA, amphibious vehicle with suspended lower wheels. http://www.marshmaster.com/

WesternGeco Desert Explorer Vibrators
WesternGeco Desert Explorer DX-80 vibrators can be equipped with additional rubber tracks (RTV). WesternGeco, Norway, is a subsidiary of Schlumberger. http://www.slb.com/services/westerngeco/services/land/worldwide/dx80.aspx

Volvo L 4230 8x8 prototype
Volvo L 4230 8x8 prototype Tgb20 4320 tried in 1967 by chief engineer Mans Hartelius. This proto was not worth the price, the C 303 4x4 being almost equal in off-road performances. http://www.zztosh.de/volvo.html

Volvo TVB, 6x4, 1940
Volvo TVB, 6x4, 1940. http://www.offroadvehicle.ru/AZBUCAR/Volvo/volvo%20TVB%206x6%201940.jpg

Vehicle suspension
Vehicle independent suspension from a Russian Vehicle at Littlefield Foundation, from J M M, Portola Valley, Calif., on June 2001.

Land Tamer
Land Tamer Amphibious LT 6x6 XHD, Extra Heavy Duty, 6x6 with tracks manufactured in Townsend, MT, by PFM Manufacturing, Inc. http://www.landtamer.com/

Thiokol Spryte
Thiokol Spryte in the 60s. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Model-1300-Swamp-Spryte.jpg

Cutbertson Land Rover
Cutbertson Land Rover still used at RAF in the 1980s. http://www.roverparts.com/News/Archive/ultimatelr.cfm

Gaz 44 8x8
Gaz 44, 8x8 of 1972. http://www.yaplakal.com/forum14/st/1025/topic439944.html ; http://www.autowp.ru/picture/k4mwy9

Volvo L 4230 8x8 prototype
Volvo L 4230 8x8 prototype. It was equipped with portal axles and locking differentials. http://www.oto6.fr/6roues/6rouesc306.htm

Kenworth 953, first appeared in 1958
Kenworth 953, first appeared in 1958. http://www.autopictu.com/23287-kenworth-953.html

Herstal FN AS 24
Herstal FN AS 24 built at 400 units at Herstal near Liège, Belgium, in the 60s. For 4 persons, payload 350 kg, speed 90 km/h, it was foldable. Tires were Straussler Lypsoïd. J M M at La Ferté Alais, France, on June 1997.

Ponsee 10W
Ponsee 10W, 10 driven wheels, from Ponsse Oy, Finland, for soft grounds and minimum damage of soils. http://www.ponsse.com/media-archive/images/press/finnmetko-2012/ponsse-buffalo-10w

GAS 62B 8x8, 1956
GAZ 62B, 8x8, 1956, built by Kuzovkin. to study transmission and independent suspension, payload 1,2 t, total mass 4,15 t, ground clearance 425 mm, 94 hp GAZ-12 engine for 80 km/h.

4-Seasons All Terrainer Model 54 amphibious transport
4-Seasons All Terrainer Model 54 amphibious transport built at Alma, Wisconsin, by Robert Albertson, http://magtransauto.com/magtrans_terrainer.htm

Zil 136 1957 6x6
Zil 136 6X6 amphibian proto, 1957, with hydrojet, 145 ch, transmission to front and rear wheels from medium axle. It lacked of stability on soft snow and the project was dropped. . http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil136_1957year.html

Unimog Unitrac
Unimog Unitrac built in 1976 by Tractortechnic. http://www.benzworld.org/forums/unimog/1222760-merged-threads-unitrac-talk-hello-austria-4.html

Faun Kraka
Faun Kraka was a foldable 4x4 for para-troops of 1974 from Saumur Museum. J M M at Modelism Show, Paris on April 1995.

Vector 8x8
Vector 8x8. Toyota engine 91 ch, for Arctic Expeditions about 2005. Total mass 7.3 T. It was equipped with Trecol tires from Belarus. http://www.gruzovoy.ru/articles/1230/

Forest Tractor
Forest Tractor constructed by Jack Stepaneko, member of the club of Akademgorodok in the district of Novosibirsk in 1977. www.dm-st.ru/minitractor?page=6 and http://hobbyport.ru/mk_other/okb_mk/7604_transport_dlya_lesnika.htm

ZIL-49042, prototype 1973
ZIL-49042, prototype 1973. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil49042.html

General Motors 6x6 Rover in 1964
General Motors 6x6 Test Lunar Rover in 1964. M G Bekker was the designer. http://justacarguy.blogspot.fr/2011/09/prototype-lunar-rover-mta.html

LuAZ-1901 6x6 amphibious in 1999
LuAZ-1901 6x6 amphibious prototype called 'Geologist' manufactured at Lutz and unveiled in 1999 at Kiev Show. http://auta5p.eu/lang/en/katalog/auto.php?idf=LuAZ-1901-Geolog-8665

Auverland A3 4x4
Auverland A3 4x4 from J M M at Val d'Isère on August 1990. It is a handmade 4x4 for trial.

General Motors Lunar Dual Mode Test Article
General Motors Lunar Dual Mode Test Article in the 60s at Santa Barbara.

Otter tracked tractor
Otter tracked tractor from Otter Manufacturing, Amboy, MN. It was used by Forest Service for fire fighting with a tank mounted on it. http://www.forumsforums.com/3_9/showthread.php?t=9510

Miniwhegs of Case Western Reserve University
Miniwhegs of Case Western Reserve University, in 2005. The Whegs, wheels without rim (wheels and legs) , allows to move quickly and climb obstacles. http://biorobots.cwru.edu/projects/whegs/miniwhegs.html

Auvertrack. 4x4 mountain tractor
Auvertrack. 4x4 mountain tractor of Ateliers Berry Chaudronnerie, St Amand Montrond, France. J M M at SIMA on feb 1997. http://www.nos-machines.com/occasion/chariot-t%C3%A9l%C3%A9scopique/51118/AUVERTRACK-1570.html

Kerzhakov 6x6 and 4x4
Kerzhakov 6x6, 4x4 and 8x8 from Transmash, Nizhny-Novgorod, created in 2006. www.transmashnn.ru

Two Tracks Motobike
Two Tracks Motorbike prototype de A-Tech Ltd, Russia from 2009, mass 100kg, payload 140 kg, speed 35-50 km/h. Front track non driven. http://strannik.flyboard.ru/topic95.html

ZIL 132 R
ZIL 132 R tests in 1974 for agricultural work. 40-45 km/h, existed also versions ZIL 132 RS : fifth wheel, ZIL 132 PC : dump truck, ZIL 132 RM is the final product, 7,5 t. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil132r.htm

Farmi Trailer with driven wheels
Farmi Trailer with wheels driven by a sprocket engaging in the sculptures of the tires. J M M at Forexpo, Bordeaux, June 2002.

Unitrac UT90
Unitrac UT90 of Gebrüder Kulenkamptt & Co., Ulm, from 1968. It had a cab of Unimog. http://www.meinklassiker.com/de/magazin/oldtimer/exotische_universalmotorgeraete/2/1/2917

Otter tracked tractor
Otter tracked tractor from Otter Manufacturing, Amboy, MN. http://www.forumsforums.com/3_9/showthread.php?t=9510

Una Track wheel conversion tracks
Una Track wheel conversion tracks of early 70s, mounted here on a 91 Jeep Cherokee. http://www.forumsforums.com/3_9/showthread.php?t=10246

Matenin F1 typ NX7 light Excavator
Matenin F1 typ NX7 light trenches Excavator fitted with MAN engine, 65 km/h, Vertical obstacle 0,5 m, now manufactured by CEFA at Soultz-sous-Forets, Alsace. http://www.genie-franchissement.com/t257-matenin

NAMI 143-SHZ, 6x6
NAMI 143-SHZ 6x6 with tipper NAMI-0143 SHZ, built on the basis of Ural-375 from NAMI Institute, Moscow, in the 60s. Payload 8 t, for transporting salt of Saksky chemical plant, Minhimproma for 3 years.

Lada Niva with suspension arms
Lada Niva with suspension arms. http://www.pnevmohod.ru/forum/index.php?topic=1040.0

Tracked Loader Model 1961
Tracked Loader Model 1961. Note rubber tracks. http://www.modelltruck.net/showthread.php?16712-Die-Erste-RC-Laderaupe

Macroswiss S.A. tankbot
Macroswiss S.A., Switzerland, tankbot about 2005. http://www.defencetalk.com/pictures/dsei-2005/p8949-dsei-2005unmanned-ground-vehicle.html

WesternGeco Desert Explorer
WesternGeco Desert Explorer. http://www.slb.com/news/inside_news/2011/2011_0113_seismic_techniques.aspx

J-5FF Camoplast
J-5FF from Camoplast Inc, originally Bombardier. Since 2009, Prinoth no more manufactures this model. http://www.trackedutilityvehicles.com/ftp/vehicles/pdfs/31.pdf

John Deere Gator rear fitted with Tatou tracks
John Deere Gator rear fitted with Tatou tracks for snow only. http://climaxridinggear1.gostorego.com/camoplast-tatou-4s-track-system-john-deere.html and www.atvtracks.net

Niva 4x4 with portal axle
Niva 4x4 with portal axle. https://plus.google.com/photos/107402132060632494562/albums/5480430199457480593?banner=pwa and http://www.chevy-niva.ru/viewtopic.php?t=38072

Off-road vehicle in LEGO
Off-road vehicle in LEGO toy with four tracks. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YOipqkKB7fc

Green Frog at Ladoga Lake Trophy
Green Frog at Ladoga Lake Trophy is a 4x4 with suspension arms and chain-driven portal Kinda axles, high speed mechanical winch, Audi powered built in St Petersburg and won in 2008 Ladoga Trophy.

Tank Chair
Tank Chair of TC Mobility, Phoenix, AZ in 2008. http://tankchair.net/store/tank-chair-store

ATV Tracks Giant for Kawasaki Brute Force 750
ATV Tracks Giant for Kawasaki Brute Force 750. http://www.atvtracks.net/products/atv-tracks/giant-atv-tracks and http://www.travelizmo.com/archives/000762.html

Rhino of Elie P Aghnides
Rhino of Elie P Aghnides. Life archives. Rhino of Elie P Aghnides amphibious with hemispherical wheels in 1954 at Indianapolis, IN, These wheels might prevent theoretically to roll over and had a good grip. See Chapter : 'The Wheel Reinvented'.

ZIL 4906 Amphibious 6x6
ZIL 4906 Amphibious 6x6. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil4906.html

Jumping mini-Whegs
Jumping mini-Whegs can jump over obstacles if too large for its whegs. http://biorobots.cwru.edu/projects/whegs/miniwhegs.html

Ural Polarnik, from Ural-4320-0911-40 by oversized tyres, 0,06 kg/cm²
Ural Polarnik. Payload drop from 10 t to 3 t and empty mass from 9,7 t to 12 t, 180 hp engine, speed drop from 75 to 55 km/h. Created by Gazseverinvest Company and Bauman Moscow University. http://trucks.autoreview.ru/archive/2009/03/ural_bigfoot/

Tiumen BT 361
Tiumen BT 361. Several hundred copies were manufactured at Kropotkinski plant since 1982. Payload 40 T for 43 T empty. http://www.cardesign.ru/forum/diskussii/obschenie/1857/page227/

Hendrickson Hulk
Hendrickson Hulk from the beginning of the 70's were supervised by Bechtel. Two were built with Nicolas trailers for Canada. In 1982, they were sent to Trans-Canada Pipeline in Alaska to work with 2 Melroe Power Mobile 8x8. www.photostp.free.fr

Seliger ATV
Seliger, ATV Society at Tver region, Russia, is a 6x6 amphibious vehicle built upon request. It looks like Argo. Speed 90 km/h, 15 km/h on water with propeller, 4 passengers, total mass 950 kg. www.vezdekhod.ru

Komatsu CD60R Dumper
Komatsu CD60R Dumper from a large range of tracked dumpers. Morooka, Hitachi seems to be the same products. www.ito-germany.de and http://www.mascus.com/construction/used-tracked-dumpers/komatsu-komatsu-cd60r/cm6p3tig.html

ZIL 5901 or PSE-2
ZIL 5901 or PSE-2 built from PSE-1 for the recovery of cosmonauts in 1970. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil5901.html

Whegs II
Whegs II of Case Western Reserve University about 2006 had 6 whegs and Akerman steering. It had also an ultra-sonic system to detect obstacles. http://biorobots.cwru.edu/projects/whegs/whegs.html

Fardier Lohr 4x4
Fardier Lohr 4x4 FL 500 M. J M M at 2CV Museum, Wakenbach, France in Oct 2003. It is fitted with independent suspensions, 35 km/h, Payload 800 kg, 36 hp engine, used by airborne troops in the 80s and 90s. Lohr Group is at Hagenheim, Alsace.

DAMMANN TRACTOR DT 2600 H A3 sprayer
Dammann tractor DT 2600 H A3 sprayer 6x6. Daimler-Chrysler engine 260 ch, 21 T, 40 km/h. Extreme wheels are steering and it is marketed since 2005. Also exists in 4x4. http://www.farmersguardian.com/dammann-brings-monster-sprayers-to-the-uk/25059.art

M715 fitted with UNA tracks
M715 fitted with UNA tracks, the first of its kind. Now, there are Mattracks, Camoplast tracks. http://www.forumsforums.com/3_9/showthread.php?t=10246

ZIL 4906 Bleubird Amphibious Vehicle
ZIL 4906 Bluebird Amphibious Vehicle. A total of 20 copies was built between 1980 and 1991, This 6x6 equidistant wheels vehicle had been designed for recovery of cosmonauts, associated with Zil 4904 screw vehicle.

Storm North of Russia ATV
Storm-North of Russian ATV Society, Tver region, Russia. Fully amphibious. www.vezdekhod.ru

ZIL 132A 6x6 1969
ZIL 132A, amphibious, designed by V. Gratchev in 1969, 180 hp, payload 4 t, 1969. http://denisovets.narod.ru/zil/zilpages/zil132a.html

Swimwagen and Munga 4x4
Swimwagen of WWII and Munga of the 60s. J M M at Sourdun Forest, France, September 1993.

Ermelya-Arctic, Ice Cruise Marine Car (MLAE 2008)
Ermelya-Arctic, Ice Cruise Marine for MLAE 2008 to reach North Pole. Built in 2005-2007 at Moscow by Elaguine, the empty mass was 1500kg, payload 600kg, ground pressure 01 kgf/cm², speed 50 km/h, and power was 75 hp by Toyota engine.

Cubic-R2 rescue Robot
Cubic-R2 rescue Robot. http://srv01.sice.or.jp/~e-trans/papers/E5-4.pdf and http://www.maeda.co.jp/fantasy/project04/02.html

Werklust WD 3
Werklust WD 3 dumper in the 80's, 30 T, 17 m3, 45 km/h. Werklust locate always in Apeldoorn, The Nertherlands, and now manufactures wheeled loaders. http://www.bouwmachineforum.nl/forum/viewtopic.php?t=12234

Woodstar ATC
Woodstar ATC of Woodstar AB, Karlstad, Sweden, is specially designed for disabled to give them mobility. http://www.woodstar.se/,